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Happy Wednesday

Turn in Goal Sheets Periodic Table Organization due today

Entry Task: Answer on separate sheet of paper
What is an ion? What is electronegativity? What is the atomic number? What are protons? What are electrons? What are valence electrons? What is the difference between groups/periods? What is the difference in elements from one group to another? What about periods?

Check in Goal Sheets Changing Electrons Goal Sheet.
Are you working on your personal goal? Have you been rating yourself each day (refer to rubric handout I gave you) This sheet will be due (and everyone after this) at the end of the unit So you should be working on the personal goal/extra assignment now When you write you personal goal it must be about learning something similar but not the same goal as in class. Do not leave any blanks When you are explaining your grade you must provide evidence, not just explaining grades you received on assignments. Tell me what you have learned and how/when.

Almost Exceeding Standard
Rubric Scale Letter Grade Achievement Level Information Thinking Skills 4 A Exceeding Standard I make in depth inferences, applications, and connections beyond those explicitly taught in class. I demonstrate thinking at the Create or Evaluate levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy. I perform the desired skill at a level that demonstrates mastery completely independent of coaching. 3.75 A- Almost Exceeding Standard I make in depth inferences, applications, and connections beyond those explicitly taught in class with partial success. I attempt thinking at the Create or Evaluate levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy with partial success. I perform the desired skill at a level that indicates partial mastery. Minimal coaching is necessary. 3.5 B Meeting Standard I demonstrate proficiency regarding the information taught in class with no major errors or omissions. I demonstrate thinking at the Evaluate or Analyze levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy. I perform the desired skill at a level that indicates proficiency. Some coaching is necessary. With practice, I will achieve mastery.

Almost Meeting Standard
Rubric Scale Letter Grade Achievement Level Information Thinking Skills 3.25 B- Almost Meeting Standard I am close to demonstrating proficiency regarding the information taught in class and need only to make a few adjustments and clarifications. I attempt thinking at the Evaluate or Analyze levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy with partial success. I perform the desired skill at a level that indicates partial proficiency. I am not yet proficient in all components of the desired skill. Coaching is helpful and needed. 3 C Approaching Standard I demonstrate proficiency regarding the simpler details and processes but have only partial knowledge of the more complex ideas and processes. I demonstrate thinking at the Apply level of Bloom’s Taxonomy. I perform the desired skill at a level that is not yet proficient. I am approaching proficiency in all areas but have not yet achieved it in any. My errors are all minor. Coaching is regular. 2.75 C- Not Yet Almost Approaching Standard I have partial knowledge of the simpler details and processes but make major errors regarding more complex ideas and processes. I attempt thinking at the Apply level of Bloom’s Taxonomy with partial success. I demonstrate thinking at the Understanding level with success. I perform the desired skill at a level that is not yet proficient. My errors are both major and minor. Coaching is regular.

I am unable to demonstrate understanding even with help.
Rubric Scale Letter Grade Achievement Level Information Thinking Skills 2.5 D Not Yet Emerging I need significant practice and refining in order to demonstrate proficiency regarding the information taught in class. I demonstrate thinking at the Know level only on Bloom’s Taxonomy. I attempt thinking at the Understanding level with partial success. I perform the desired skill at a level that suggests significant practice is needed to achieve proficiency. I have many errors. Coaching is nearly constant. 2.25 D- I can, with help, demonstrate partial understanding of the simpler details and processes but not the more complex ones. I attempt thinking at the Understanding or Know levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy with partial success. I attempt the desired skill with significant errors. Constant coaching is essential for any success. F No Attempt I make no attempt OR I am unable to demonstrate understanding even with help. I am unable to demonstrate thinking at any level. I make no attempt OR I am unable to demonstrate the desired skill even with coaching.

Quick Cheat Sheet you should have
P = e- No Charge element is neutral P> e- Element is + (Losing an electron) you have more protons than electrons P< e- Element is – (Gaining an electron) You have more electrons than you do protons Group Numbers (Groups are the columns, vertically) Tell you how many electrons in the valence shell (outer shell) Period (Rows horizontally) Tell you how many shells you have helping you add total number of electrons

Question What ion would Group 1 form? +1.

Question How do you know if an ion is going to be positive or negative? It is determined by how many electrons are in the outermost shell of an atom. If there are 1-3 valence electrons you will LOSE electrons. Remember electrons are (-) charges. So if you remove a (-) charge then your atom will be positive. If your valence electrons are 5-7 you will GAIN electrons in order to have a full valence shell. Remember if you gain electrons then you will have an overall negative charge

Question How many valence electrons does Group 1 have? 1

Question How do you determine the number of electrons in a stable element? It is the same as the atomic number/or the number of protons

Question Why is group 8 unreactive?
It has a full valence shell and does not need any more electrons

Question How many dots does an Electron Dot Diagram have for Group 1?

Question Why does Group 1 only have one electron?
When you move across the periodic table you add protons, when elements are neutral you have the same number of electrons as you do protons. So as you increase the number of protons across a period you are also increasing electrons. Valence shells can only hold so many electrons and when the shell is full you must add another shell. Group one is the result of a new period and thus only carries one valence electron in its outer most shell. (IF neutral)

Question What is the definition of group?
A column of the periodic table

Question Why does Group 2 only have 2 electrons?
Group two is one group over from Group 1. Group one only has one electron in its outer shell, as you increase protons you are increasing electrons. One more proton means one more electron (IF the element is neutral)

Group 3 is one group over from Group 2. Group 2 only has 2 electrons in its outer shell, as you increase protons you are increasing electrons. One more proton means one more electron (IF the element is neutral)

Question What ion would Group 5 form? -3.

Question Why is Group 5 negative?
Group 5 has 5 electrons in its outer shell, it wants 8. To get 8 it needs 3 more electrons and if you GAIN electrons you will have a negative charge. So Group 5 will give you a -3 charge

Question What ion would Group 6 form? -2.

Question What is the electron dot diagram for Mg?

Question What is the definition of an ion? A charged particle/atom.

Question Which group(s) in the periodic table are the most reactive? Why? Group 1 and Group 7. They are desperate for that complete outer shell and only need to lose or gain 1 electron, making them highly unstable as a neutral atom

Question Explain the trend of electronegativity as you move from left to right? Why? Increases, the outer shells are not quite full and every atom has the desire to have a full outer shell. Electronegativity is the ability to attract electrons. Group 1 doesn’t want to attract them while Group 7 does in order to complete it’s outer shell

Question What ion would form from Li, positive or negative? Why?
Li+, it’s easier to lose one electron than to gain 7. if you lose an electron you have a positive charge

Question What is the difference between an atom and an element?
Element is made up of only one type of atom

Question What is a compound?
A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.

Question What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms that are chemically joined together

Question What is the atomic mass of an element?
The atomic mass is the mass of an atom of a particular element. It is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of a particular element

Question What is the atomic number of an element?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of a given element.

Question How are atoms and molecules related? How are they different? (4 possible answers) Atoms are singular, Molecules are 2 or more combined atoms Atoms are not bonded, Molecules are atoms that are bonded Atoms is some thing which can't be split, Molecule can be divided into many atoms. Atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons, Molecule is combination of mixture of atoms like H2O, H2, N2

Question What is a Periodic Period?
Represents a row in the periodic table

Question Valence Electrons?
Electrons found on the outermost shell of the atom

Question What kind of charge would B have as an ion? Why?
+3. In group three has three electrons in it’s valence shell and will want to loose them to get to a full shell of 8

Question Draw electron dot diagram of Cl-? Why?
Chlorine wants desperately to add one electron for a full valence shell

Question What is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means? An Element

Question Which ION has 11 Protons, 12 Neutrons, and 10 electrons? Na+

Question What element has three valence electrons and is in period 3?
Aluminum Period 1 2 3

Question How many electrons are in H+

Question Define Neutron
A neutral charged particle found in the nucleus

Atomic Radius (Turn and Talk)
What is a radius and how do you find it? How would you measure the radius of an atom? (draw) What occurs to the radius of an atom as you move from top to bottom in the table? What occurs as you move left to right?

Atomic Radius (Turn and Talk)
What is a radius and how do you find it? Distance from the middle of a circle to the edge How would you measure the radius of an atom? (draw) What occurs to the radius of an atom as you move from top to bottom in the table? Increases ( ) (think of your Bohr diagrams) What occurs as you move left to right? Decreases ( )

Atomic Radius P you e- Opposites Attract
Why would the atomic radius decrease as you move from left to right? P you e- Opposites Attract

Atomic Radii Low Radii High Atomic Radii Atomic Radii Decreases
Atomic Radii Increases High Atomic Radii

Ionization Ionization: removing an e- from an atom Na 0 + IE Na1+ + e-
11p+ 10e- + e- + IE Forming a Na ion from a neutral Na atom req. E. The e- on the R can transfer to anthr particle

Ionization Ionization energy “e- greed”.
How badly does the atom what to hold on to its electron? Lower I.E. = less energy to remove an electron from the atom & create an ion. Higher I.E. = takes more energy to remove and electron from the atom & create an ion.

Trends in Ionization Energy
Ionization Energy Increases Highest I.E. Ionization Energy Decreases Lowest I.E.

Trends in Electronegativity
Electronegativity Increases Highest EN. Electronegativity Increases Lowest EN.

Entry Task Would you expect the Ionization Energy of Chlorine (Cl) to be higher or lower than the Ionization Energy of Radium (Ra). Explain.

Ionization Energy Increases
Ionization Energy Decreases Electronegativity Increases Electronegativity Decreases Atomic Number Decreases Atomic Number Decreases Number of protons decreases Number of protons Decreases

Review Videos Bohr: u.be Ionization: utu.be Electronegativity: tu.be Periodic trends rap: Periodic Trends:

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