1. Byzantine Empire and the Crusades
The Eastern Roman Empire centered around Constantinople

2. Justinian Became emperor of Eastern Roman Empire in 527
Wanted to reestablish Roman Empire in the Mediterranean
Their book doesn’t talk about it, but Justinian was married and his wife, Empress Theodora, did a lot to improve the status of woman. Allowing women to initiate a divorce, have the right to own property, look it up!
The laws were in order to regulate a complicated society

3. The Justinian Code The Body of Civil Law Simplified Roman Law
Basis of Imperial Law
Used as basis for legal system in Europe
Education – preserved works of Greece and Rome

4. Byzantine Empire Greek/Christian state in E. Roman Empire
Greek replaced Latin as the official language
Schism in the Christian Church (a separation)
East Orthodox Christians (Even the head of the church (called a patriarch) had to listen to the Emperor)
Roman Church (Pope had more control)
Lots of time, money, and talent put into churches/religion
Emperor was chosen by god
Had absolute power
Crowned in sacred ceremonies
Controlled the church and state (Patriarch)
Think back, what were the reasons for the fall of Rome? How did size contribute to the Fall of Rome? What is happening to the Byzantine Empire uder Justinian Rule? (in terms of size) Who is starting to spread the religion of Islam and is becoming a threat to the territory? (look at maps- Arabs)
Greek/Christian State- Greek replaced Latin as the official language. The religion had turned from Pagan to Christian, set in motion by the Emperors. A lot of time and money was put into the church- buildings, art, ceremonies, decorations, etc.

5. Constantinople Largest city in Europe during the middle ages
Public Works
Roads
Bridges
Walls
Public baths
Buildings
Churches
Arenas
Schools
Trade
Chief center of trade between Asia and Byzantine Empire
Imported raw materials for industry
Hagia Sophia- attracted many visitors/traders
Sophia is the Greek word for wisdom. The full name of Hagia Sophia in Greek is ‘Shrine of the Holy Wisdom of God'.
Turned into a mosque in 1453 (4 pillars were added)
Justintine rebuilt the city after all the riots and invaders had torn much of it down
Population was in the Hundreds of Thousands
Public works projects- building bridges, roads, walls, public baths, law centers, schools churches, underground water reserves
Greatest work was the Hagia Sophia
Education was valued in the empire. Most families sent their children to public school or hired tutors.
They learned Euclidean geometry, Roman literature, Latin grammar, and memorized Homer’s epics.

7. Building the New Rome Constantinople’s Hectic Pace
The main street of the city ran from the emperor’s palace past public buildings and to the city walls.
It was lined with shops and open-air markets, where people bought and sold goods from Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Hippodrome – 60,000 seat stadium that hosted chariot races, circus acts