1. Folding and Faulting

2. Types of Rocks
Igneous Rocks: form when molten lava (magma) cools and turn to solid rock. The magma comes from the Earth’s core which is molten rock. E.g. Granite and Basalt.
Sedimentary Rocks: are formed due to compaction and sedimentation of grains in a pile of sediments. This type of rock has layers. E.g. sandstone, limestone, shale etc.
Metamorphic rocks: are formed from pre-existing rocks. E.g. Marble

3. Rock cycle

4. Rocks can change shape due to stress

5. Three types of stress:
Compression
Tension
Shear

9. FOLDING
Rocks under enormous heat and pressure can slowly bend without breaking. this is how rocks form folds.  
Geologists use the terms syncline and anticline to describe downward and upward folds in rock
An anticline is a fold in a rock that arcs upward.
A syncline is a fold in a rock that arcs downward.
Draw diagram yourself of an anticline and syncline
Important minerals are found near fold such as gold (at Bendigo in victoria) and oil.

14. FAULTS
FAULT: is the line along which rocks break and move.
Faults occurs when the rock cannot withstand enormous heat and pressure.
Important minerals and oil can usually be found along fault lines.

15. Normal Faults Caused by tension forces
Upper block moves down relative to lower block.

17. Reverse Faults Caused by compression forces
Upper block moves up relative to lower block.
Draw fig26 pg.148

24. Reverse Faults
Caused by compression forces
Hanging wall moves up

29. Opposing forces cause rock to break
Strike-slip Faults
Opposing forces cause rock to break
Move horizontally