1. Cell Structure and Function 7.1

2. The Discovery of the Cell
Single cells are too small to see what the naked eye
During the late 1600’s
Robert Hooke was the first to create a microscope to cells inside a sample of cork
Anton van Leeuwenhoek began to observe microscopic organisms using a compound microscope
Cell Theory (PLEASE REMEMBER)
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
New cells are produced from existing cells

3. Exploring the Cell
As technology has advanced we have created powerful microscopes
Compound Light Microscope
Nearly all cells are transparent – we use dyes and stains to add color
Fluorescent (Glow in the Dark) markers
Electron Microscopes
Uses electrons (e-) to create a digital image
Normally in black and white

4. So what has microscopes taught us?
Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes
All cells have DNA
All cells have a cell membrane aka plasma membrane
PROKARYOTES
DNA and ribosomes just float around the cell
EUKARYOTES
Membrane bound organelles and nucleus (DNA hangs out here)
BACTERIA
Cell membrane, cell wall and few other essentials
PLANTS
Cell wall, central vacuole & chloroplasts
ANIMALS
Jammed packed full of cool organelles

5. Quiz
What is the main difference between prokaryote’s and eukaryote’s cells.
Name two types of microscopes?
Why do we ”stain” cell samples before viewing them?

6. Answer
Prokaryotes are smaller, simpler organisms that do not have a membrane bound DNA or organelles.
Light microscope and electron microscopes
To help us see certain parts of the cell more clearly