1. The World of Science

2. Title Main Ideas - Information Subtopics Topics - Indent
Leave plenty of space
Key Words
- only words and phrases
Use abbreviations
Keep it neat and complete!

3. Geology
-study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth
-processes that shape Earth
Oceanography
-study of the sea
Chemistry
-study of the properties of matter and how matter
changes
Ecology
-study of the interactions between living things
and the nonliving things in their environment

4. Branches of Science
Science
- it’s a process
-gather knowledge about the natural world
Observation
-using one or more of your senses to gather
information
sight, hearing, touch, taste, & smell
helps you make decisions throughout your
day
Quantitative
-deals with numbers, or amount
Observations
-ex. seeing you have 8 new s

5. Qualitative
-deals with descriptions that can’t be expressed
Observations
in numbers
-ex. noticing a bike is blue
Inference
-explanation of observations
-not guessing
-based on reasoning you already know
-what is happening or has happened
-not always correct
Predicting
-making a forecast of what will happen
-based on past evidence

9. Scientific Method

10. Scientific
-steps to solve problems or answer questions
Method
1. Ask a ?
-can’t answer ?’s about personal taste
-also known as the problem in an experiment
2. Research
-find out more
-variety of resources (not just websites)
3. Form a
-possible explanation to the problem
Hypothesis
-must be testable
-not a fact
-need many trials to be accepted as true
- Write in “if…then….” statement.

11. 4. Procedure
-test hypothesis
-use only 1 variable
-the larger the sample size, the better
Variable
-factor that changes
Independent
-purposefully changed
Variable
-also called manipulated variable
Dependent
-factor that may change in response
Variable
to independent
-also called responding variable
Controls
-factors that don’t change
-used for comparison

12. ***NEVER EXPERIMENT ONLY ONCE!!!***
5. Analyze
-organize data into charts
Results
-graph results
6. Draw
-does it support your hypothesis?
Conclusions
-summary of what you learned
7. Communicate
-share ideas
Results
-scientific papers, presentations, internet, etc…
***NEVER EXPERIMENT ONLY ONCE!!!***

13. Model
-representation of an object or system
physical (airplanes, dolls)
mathematical (made of math equations/data)
conceptual (big bang theory)
Scientific
-explanation that ties together many
Theory
hypotheses and observations
Scientific Law
-summary of many experimental results
and observations
-tells you what happens, not why it happens
Fact
-complete truth
-cannot be argued

14. Measurement
Chapter 1: Section 4

15. Tools and Measurement
Tool
-anything that helps you do a task
International
-SI
System of
-metric system
Units
-based on multiples of 10
Length
-basic unit = meter (m)
Mass
-amount of matter an object contains
-basic unit = gram (g)

16. Volume
-amount of space an object takes up
-basic unit = liter (L) (liquids)
-cm³ (solids)
Density
-how much mass is contained in a given volume
D = m V
-units = g/mL or g/cm³
Temperature
-amount of heat or energy
-SI unit = kelvin (K)
Time
-SI unit = second (s)