1. Period 4 Part 2(1800-1848) AP United States History
Sectionalism,
Period 4 Part 2( )
AP United States History

3. Regional Specialization
NORTH
Industrialization
Urbanization
Immigration
Reform Movements
WEST
Nation’s Breadbasket
Fur traders
Cattle ranching
Mining
SOUTH
King Cotton
Plantation system
Upper South
Deep South
Peculiar Institution

4. Immigration Irish Germans California Gold Rush 1849-1850 Nativists
Irish Potato Famine (1840s)
Mostly settled in northeastern urban centers
Germans
Mostly settled in northern states west of the Appalachians
California Gold Rush
Nativists
Anti-immigrants, anti-Catholic
Know-Nothing Party

5. The South King Cotton Year Exported Cotton (lbs) $ Export Value
% of Exports
1800
17,789,803
$5,000,000 7%
1810
93,261,462
$15,108,000
22%
1820
127,860,152
$22,308,667
32%
1830
298,459,102
$29,674,883
41%
1840
743,941,061
$63,870,307
51%
1850
635,381,604
$71,984,616
49%
1860
1,767,686,338
$191,806,555
57%

6. Slave Life
The “Peculiar Institution”

7. Slave Population of the South (1860)
South Carolina - 57%
Mississippi - 55%
Louisiana - 47%
Alabama - 45%
Florida - 45%
Georgia - 44%
North Carolina - 33%
Virginia - 31%
Texas - 30%
Arkansas - 26%
Tennessee - 25%
Kentucky - 20%
Maryland - 13%
Missouri - 10%
Delaware - 1.5%

8. Slave Revolts Nat Turner
Revolt in Virginia in 1831 led to 55 white deaths
Whites retaliated with brutality and quashed anti-slavery discussions in the South
Caused Northerners to be more critical of slavery

9. Free and Slave States (1789-1861)

11. The South White Society
Planter Class
20 or more slaves
0.6% of Southern population
Small Slave owners
88% of slave owners; strived to be Planters
Usually worked in fields with slaves
Professionals
Lawyers, doctors, clergy, writers
Depended on planter class
Yeoman Farmers/Poor whites
Backbone of Southern society
Independent, self-sufficient, local commercial market
Aspired to be future slave owners
Mountain people
pastoral farming
Perceived as lazy and uneducated