1. Macromolecules “giant molecules”
Many molecules in cells are so large
Formed by polymerization- where small compounds are joined to make large compounds
Smaller units, monomers, join to form these large compounds called polymers
4 groups of organic compounds in living things are:
lipids
carbohydrates
protein
nucleic acids
Lets Call the Police Now!!!
Monomer
(one piece)
Polymerization
(putting a puzzle together)
Polymer
(many pieces
together)

2. Lipids are mostly C and H atoms, but very little O’s
Common terms that mean lipids: fatty acids
Examples: butter, lard, cooking oils
Some are steroids, others are used for energy storage, biological membranes, waterproof coverings, insulation, protective coverings, lubrication

3. Carbohydrates: C, H, O in a 1:2:1 ratio
Common terms: glucose, starch
Carbs are our main source of energy.
Examples:
Monosaccharide (simple carbs): single sugars; glucose, cake, candy, fruits
Polysaccharides (complex carbs): large molecules; pasta, cereal, rice; breads

4. Proteins are macromolecules containing C, H, O, N
Common terms used: Amino acid
Proteins are polymers made of smaller units called amino acids
They control rate of reactions and muscle contractions, regulate cell processes, transport oxygen, form bones and muscles, fight diseases
Examples:

6. Nucleic acids contain C, H, O, N, P
Are made of nucleotides:
5-C sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
Store & transmit genetic information
Examples: DNA and RNA