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(The Industrial Revolution)
Industrialization (The Industrial Revolution) U.S. Global 9: Mr. Black
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A. The Industrial Revolution
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, manufactured goods tended to be made by hand and at home Following the shift, goods tended to be made using machines in a factory setting
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EUROPE ASIA AFRICA
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(England, Scotland and Wales)
… united together under one government British Flag
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A. The Industrial Revolution
Spinning wheels were used in homes to spin a single thread from wool or cotton The Spinning Jenny was eventually invented, allowing many thread to be spun at once
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A. The Industrial Revolution
Eventually, larger commercial looms were invented, making the weaving of cloth much faster
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B. The Steam Engine The steam engine provided a cheap, reliable source of power to operate new industrial machines
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B. The Steam Engine Burning coal was used to boil water in order to produce steam Pressurized steam was then used to power turbines that could be used to move machinery parts
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B. The Steam Engine Giant steam driven power looms were then used to mass produce cloth These large, steam powered machines were housed in the first factory work settings
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C. Steam Power Revolutionizes Transportation
Locomotives and steamships revolutionized transportation, touching off multiple “ripple effects” through the world
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D. Steam Power Revolutionizes Agriculture
Steam powered tractors and reapers greatly improved farm productivity
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E. Industrialization Spreads
The American colonies and Western Europe soon were following Britain’s industrial model BRITAIN BRITISH COLONIES IN N. AMERICA EUROPE
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F. The Impact of Industrialization
Market Demand As demand for cheap textiles grew, more factories were built; soon more factory workers were needed to keep pace with market demands
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F. The Impact of Industrialization
The Changing Nature of Work Skilled labor is replaced by performance of simple, repetitive tasks
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F. The Impact of Industrialization
The Changing Nature of Work Factory jobs were often noisy and unsafe, hours were long and wages were very low Women and children often were used in dangerous situation and were paid less for their work
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F. The Impact of Industrialization
Agricultural Revolution Less farm workers were needed; the unemployed moved to cities for industrial work Growing farm production was necessary to feed exploding urban populations
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
Urbanization Many problems arose from growth (e.g., overcrowding, inadequate services, slum living conditions, etc.)
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
Immigration U.S. immigration was greatly accelerated by the Irish Potato Famine of ; many Irish fled to escape starvation
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
Immigration Immigrants would find work in American factories, mills, mines, railroads, etc.
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
The Rise of Labor Unions The eventual rise of unions would play a key role in improving the lives of working-class families
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
The Rise of Labor Unions Governments initially strongly opposed unions; unions would eventually receive some support
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D. The Impact of Industrialization
Economic Effects: Political Effects: Social Effects: Changes in how people lived and organized themselves
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