1. 1) Warm Up!
Above are examples of Black Codes/Jim Crow Laws and the effects on society. Explain how these laws kept African-Americans from gaining the rights that they were Constitutionally “guaranteed?”

2. Reconstruction & its Aftermath
8-4 The South During Reconstruction

3. New Groups Take Charge: African Americans in Government
2) the first…
New Groups Take Charge: African Americans in Government
Republican Party dominated southern politics
b/c AA’s could vote & now run 4 office
Lots of states where more former slaves than former slave-owners
Never controlled the gov’t but…
held important positions in it
Nat’l Level- 16 AA’s served in H of Reps & 2 in the Senate b/t
Robert B Elliot
African American Repubican Party Leader – 1870s
Joseph Rainey
First AA elected to the House of Reps
Hiram Revels- AA Senator
Ordained minister; recruited 4 Union Army, started school in St. Louis4 AA’s, elected to Senate in 1870 by Missouri
Blanche K. Bruce- AA Senator
Former runaway; became teacher in Missouri, became Superintendent in Mississippi, elected to Senate in 1874

4. New Groups Take Charge: Resistance to Reconstruction
3) Kept down how?
New Groups Take Charge: Resistance to Reconstruction
Most Southern whites hated idea of giving rts to AA’s
Plantation owners tried 2 control AA’s any way they could
Many told AA’s couldn’t leave plantation; still property
No one would rent land to them
Store owners refused to serve them
Refused to give them work
Used fear to keep them in line

5. Some Improvements Despite the violence… Created own schools
Reconstruction brought change
Esp. in education 4 both races
AA’s saw it as step toward better life
Created own schools
Freedmen’s Bureau & charities played major role in spreading education
N women and freed AA’s came to teach
By ,000 schools established w/ 200,000 students
More than ½ teachers were AA’s

6. Some Improvements: Public Schools
4) Why more schools?
Some Improvements: Public Schools
1870’s- began creating public school systems 4 both races
Never existed before!!!
Enrollment…
50% of white children
40% of AA children
Northern Missionary Societies
established academies for higher education for AA’s
Some become colleges & universities
Morehouse College, Atlanta U
Most kids went to segregated schools
Schools separated by race
Only LA, FL, SC required integration, but laws not enforced

7. Some Improvements: Farming the Land
AA’s also wanted land
Some got it from Freedmen’s Bureau
Most failed 2 get own land
Only option was sharecropping, where land was rented & tools, seeds, maybe even a shack 2 live in was given in exchange 4 percentage of harvest
After paying percentage…
Very little left 2 sell
Barely enough 2 feed family
To most…
This was barely better than slavery
CC Reconstruction and Sharecropping (3mins)
5) Do you see this as an improvement?

8. Exit Ticket
11) Exit Ticket
How were African Americans “kept down” in the post civil war society in the south? Give examples