1. Required Practical Guide
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Required Practical Guide
Chemistry
Chromatography
This document contains:
Links to YouTube clips showing the practical procedure
Information from examination boards AQA, OCR, Edexcel
Potential examination questions and answers
This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.
All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. November 2016
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016

2. Required practical – exam boards
AQA
Edexcel
OCR

3. Practical procedure: Preparing a chromatogram
Click on each of the tabs to take you to a YouTube clip. Please note these are external sites to PiXL, PiXL does not control the content of these sites.
Chromatography – video 1
Chromatography – video 2

4. Possible examination style questions
What conclusions could you draw from this chromatogram. Explain your response.
Which of the samples is a pure substance?
Explain how you would calculate the Rf value.

5. Possible examination style questions answers
What conclusions could you draw from this chromatogram. Explain your response.
ANS:
Samples A, B, C, D and F are mixtures because they have more than one spot
Sample E is not a mixture/ is a pure substance because it only has one spot
Sample A contains a substance which is not in the others as it has a dot which does not match any others
Sample B and D contain the same substances as they have dots with the same Rf values/ distance moved up the paper

6. Possible examination style questions answers
Which of the samples is a pure substance?
ANS:
Sample E
Because it contains only 1 dot/ substance

7. Possible examination style questions answers
Explain how you would calculate the Rf value.
ANS:
Measure the distance moved by the spot from the baseline
Measure the distance moved by the solvent front from the baseline
Distance moved by spot ÷ Distance moved by solvent

8. Key questions:
Why is it important to draw the lines and write labels on the chromatography
paper in pencil and not in ink?
Why should the spots of ink be above the level of the solvent in the beaker?
What is meant by the term ‘solvent front’?
What would happen if you used permanent ink instead of water soluble ink?
How could you overcome this problem?
Which is the mobile phase? Which is the stationary phase?
Which ink(s), if any, contain one dye? Which ink(s) are mixtures of dyes?
Which inks contain the same dye?

9. Summary document
A summary document is also available on Huddle which contains all the relevant information about this practical from the different examination boards. This document includes practical methods and other potential examination questions