1. Cell Cycle and Mitosis Notes
Biology - Ms. Spinale

2. The Cell Cycle

3. The Cell Cycle
Interphase is the longest phase; chromosomes duplicate (DNA replicates) and the cell grows.
G1 Phase: Cell grows a bit larger.
S Phase: DNA replicates.
G2: Phase: Another growth phase just before mitosis.

4. There are four stages in the Mitotic phase (or M phase).
The Cell Cycle
There are four stages in the Mitotic phase (or M phase).
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
Genetic material is distributed to new cells.

5. The M phase allows for growth and repair through cell division.
The Cell Cycle
The M phase allows for growth and repair through cell division.

6. Prophase Duplicated chromosomes are joined at centromeres.
Phases of Mitosis
Prophase
Duplicated chromosomes are joined at centromeres.
The nuclear envelope breaks down.

7. Metaphase Double chromosomes line up along the middle.
Phases of Mitosis
Metaphase
Double chromosomes line up along the middle.
Fibers attach to chromosomes from centromere to centriole.

8. Phases of Mitosis

9. Phases of Mitosis
Anaphase
Doubled chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell (fibers pull toward centriole).

10. Telophase Chromosomes cluster at each end. New nuclear envelope forms.
Phases of Mitosis
Telophase
Chromosomes cluster at each end.
New nuclear envelope forms.
Cytoplasm divides.

12. Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Mitosis
Meiosis
Starts with diploid cells (23 pairs of chromosomes).
Divides once.
Produces new diploids cells for growth and repair.
Divides twice,
Produces haploid cells (23 single chromosomes).
Gametes (sperm and egg).