1. Basic First Aid

2. Seizures/Convulsions
Seizures: mild to severe
brief blackouts, involuntary movements, sudden falls
periods of confused behavior
involuntary muscle contractions.
Grand Mal seizures
uncontrollable muscle movements (jerking or spasms)
Rigidity
loss of consciousness
loss of bladder and/or bowel control
breathing that stops temporarily.

3. Seizures/Convulsions
Stay with the person – consider calling 911
Protect the person from injury
Move all furniture or equipment that is nearby
Do not hold or restrain the person
Do not put anything in the person’s mouth
Loosen clothing
Roll the person on his/her side
After the seizure activity has stopped:
Perform rescue breathing if person is blue or not breathing (if CPR certified)
If breathing, lay person on side

4. FAINTING Pale, sweaty, slow pulse
Lay person on back with head to the side and legs elevated
DO NOT give anything by mouth
If person doesn’t wake up right away, call 911

5. Major Bleeding: Direct Pressure
Use a sterile dressing or clean cloth
Fold to form pad
Apply pressure directly over wound
Fasten with bandage; knot over wound
If bleeding continues, add second pressure dressing

6. Cuts Apply pressure with a clean cloth, elevation
Can be cleaned better when bleeding stops
Large and deep: seek medical attention
Maintain pressure
Minor cuts
Soap and water, peroxide
cover with antibiotic ointment and dressing.
If cut may need sutures, seek medical care as soon as possible
Consider “Super Glue”

7. Abrasions Must get wound clean
Hold pressure with or without “numbing” medicine till bleeding stops
Clean wound with soap and water in 1 -2 hours
Wrap in dry bandage
Clean at least twice a day till healed

8. Puncture Wounds
DO NOT remove large objects such as knives or sticks, call 911
For minor wounds, wash with soap and water
Remove splinters?
Antibiotic ointment
Bandage
The person may need a tetanus booster injection

9. EYE Injuries DON’T RUB!!! Wash out (chemicals, dirt)
Patch or compress or keep closed
Send the person directly to an emergency room.

10. NOSEBLEEDS
With person sitting, squeeze nostrils together between thumb and index finger for 10 minutes
Ice on forehead
If bleeding persists, seek medical attention– but maintain pressure

11. Sunburn Avoidance Cover up: hats, sleeves Sunscreen
Cool bath or shower
Leave blisters intact
Tylenol, Advil, Solarcaine

12. General Burns
Immediately cool the affected area with running water for at least 10 minutes MINIMUM!
Cover the burn with a non-sticky dressing such as clingfilm or plastic bag. Do not apply fluffy bandage
Seek medical attention, if burn is serious then call an ambulance

13. Heat Illness Lots of clear urine AVOID The Problem
DRINK even if not “thirsty”
Lots of clear urine
Heat Cramps: rest, cool down, DRINK
Heat Exhaustion = threatened Heatstroke
Nausea, faint
Pale, clammy & cool
Give fluids, active cooling
Heatstroke  Call 911
Hot, shock, unconscious

14. Infection Control Try to keep wounds as clean as possible
Try to avoid contact with the casualty’s blood
Wear disposable latex/nitrile gloves if available
If not, use any available items to create a barrier (e.g: a plastic bag)
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water afterwards
Seek medical advice if you are concerned