1. The Pillars of Law

2. Where does the law come from?
There are three main sources of law in Canada:
Constitutional Law
Statute Law
Common Law

4. Constitutional Law
It determines the law-making powers of the federal and provincial governments.
It overrides all other laws.
Ex: Freedom of speech

5. Statute Law Laws passed by elected representatives.
It overrides common law.
Ex: legal voting age

6. Common Law Also known as case law.
It is based on decisions by judges in other cases.
Ex: sentencing

7. Governmental Powers
Each level of government – federal, provincial and municipal – can pass its own laws as well.
Municipal bylaws in our area include:
Closing times for public parks
Smoking laws
Littering laws

8. Organizing the Law
Because the law has so much authority over everything in our lives, it has to be written down or codified in sections so we can understand it.
Codifying laws means to write them down for everyone to understand.

9. International Law
These are the laws that govern the relationships between independent nations such as Canada, the United States or England.
Ex: trade laws, fishing rights in international waters.

10. Domestic Law break down

11. Domestic Law
These laws govern the activity within a nation’s own borders.
Domestic law is broken into two categories:
Substantive Law
Procedural Law

12. Substantive Law
Defines the rights, duties and obligations of citizens and governments.
Ex: Substantive law is simply the substance of the law – the dos and don’ts for people to follow.

13. Procedural Law
Deals with the content of the law; it is the prescribed method of enforcing the rights, duties and obligations found in Substantive law.
Ex: These are the procedures of law – how to deal with those who have broken the laws – it is about punishment and enforcement.

14. Public & Private Law
Substantive Law can be broken down into two categories:
Public Law
Private Law

15. Public Law

16. Public Law
Regulates the relationships between a government and its citizens.
Includes:
Constitutional Law
Administrative Law
Criminal Law

18. Private Law
Deals with the legal relationships between individuals and organizations.
Includes:
Tort Law
Wills & Estates
Family Law
Contracts
Property
Employment

19. Page 47 question 8 .