1. Imperialism

2. Imperialism and Colonialism
Imperialism- the domination of European powers (or any power) over subject lands in the larger world
Colonialism- Political, social, economic, and cultural structures that enable imperial powers to dominate subject lands

3. Motives
Imperial expansion seen as crucial to the survival of European states and societies- EXPAND OR DIE!
Economic Theories
Industrialization
Greed
Land + Resources
Diplomatic Theories
Power politics
National prestige
Strategic military and commercial locations
Diffuse social tension, inspire patriotism
Psychological Theories
White supremacy/racism
Social Darwinism
Cultural Theories
Missions to convert and civilize

5. Role of Technology Transportation/Communication Military
Enable domination, administration, communication, and commercialization
Canals
Panama + Suez
Telegraph
Military
Rifled machine gun
Maxim gun- fires 11 bullets per second
Ensures European dominance

6. European Imperialism British Imperial Rule- India
Central and Southeast Asia- Britain and Russia
French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos)
Direct Rule
Assimilation- Indoctrinate subject peoples with all aspects of French life i.e. education, behavior, language, Christianity
Pacific
British settler colonies in Australia

8. U.S. and Japanese Imperialism
United States
Monroe Doctrine
Spanish-American War
Philippines
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
Japan
Korea, Taiwan
Sino-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War

9. Scramble for Africa
Motives- economic, diplomatic, psychological, cultural
Information compiled
Colonies established- Congo Free State, Egypt
Settlers in South Africa
Dutch Afrikaners/Boers
Boer War ( )
Berlin West Africa Conference
12 European states + U.S. and Ottoman Empire- no African representation
Agreement for future claims on Africa
Notify others of its claim
Effective occupation
Objectives: end slave trade, civilization and Christianity, commerce/trade

12. Scramble for Africa Systems of Colonial Rule Direct Rule (French)
European personnel collect taxes, recruit labor and military, maintain law and order
Colonial boundaries cut across African political and ethnic borders
Assimilation
Indirect Rule (British)
Use traditional African local rulers
Highest governors and administrators were white
Decentralization
Cheap, practical, and safe- “Democratic rule”
Belgians and Portuguese raid and use colonies for wealth- administration not emphasized

13. Scramble for Africa African Responses
Resistors- those who put up a fight against the white intrusion
Afrocentric view
Freedom fighters, African nationalists, Inspiring
Eurocentric view
Reactionaries- wasting time, lost power and influence
Collaborators- those who cooperated with their new leaders
Could fight later when it was necessary
Weak, sellouts OR used solid judgement, wait for right opportunity
Progressive realists, gained power and influence