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Chapter 19 Diet and Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Eye Diseases
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FIGURE 19.1 Anatomical features of the human eye. Courtesy of National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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FIGURE 19.2 Changes to layers of retina in the macular region during aging, and progression of AMD in early and advanced stages. With age, there is an accumulation of lipofuscin (LF), a decline in melanin (ME) in the RPE, and a thickening and lipid enrichment of Bruch’s membrane. Basal laminar deposits (BLD) are seen in early maculopathy but may also reflect aging. Drusen (DR) accumulation also characterizes early maculopathy. In intermediate AMD, DR becomes more extensive, and there are areas of the RPE that are hypopigmented or hyperpigmented (because of ME clumping). In more advanced AMD, there is atrophy of the photoreceptors and there may be neovascularization (NV)—the growth of new blood vessels and narrowing of the choriocapillaris. Courtesy of Francois Delori, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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