1. The benefits of integrating civilian satellite telecom infrastructure into military satellite telecom backbones

2. MillSatComs ? Empower the state by providing: Secure Robust Persistent
High bandwidth
Geographically invariant
… access to information
How does this compare with the needs of commercial telecoms?

3. MilSatCom vs. Commercial
Military
Commercial
Secure
Robust
Persistent
High Bandwidth
Geo Invariant
Secure
Robust
Persistent
High Bandwidth
Geo Invariant
“increasingly the line between military-specific developed technology and commercial technology is blurred.”
Don Wilcoxson

4. Available Options Satellites Ground based telecom GEO * MEO LEO
Orbital positions
Geo-Stationary (GEO)
Telecoms
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)
Global Positioning
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Remote Sensing
Ground based telecom
GEO
MEO
LEO *
Introduction to audience – Establish GEO satellite focal point
GEO
– Altitude km – Period 24hrs
MEO
– Altitude km – Period 127min - 24hrs
– Altitude km – Period 88min -127 min
* Source: Creative Commons

5. Geo-Stationary satellites
Pros
Broad Geographic Coverage
Remote Access
High Traffic Capacity
Low Communication cost
High Signal Quality
Cons
Unintended Coverage
Latency
Fading
Security Vulnerabilities
Broad Geographic Coverage - Cover a significant
Remote Access
High Traffic Capacity
Low Communication cost
High Signal Quality
*(J. Katsoulis 2014)

6. Geo-Stationary satellites
Addressing the CONS
Multiple Access Transponders*
Advanced Modulation*
Multiple Spot Beams*
High Throughput Satellites** *
Multiple Access –
Frequency Division Multiple Access shares the bandwidth between the users, with each user allocated a unique, narrower section of the available bandwidth.
It works with analogue signals and all users have uninterrupted use of their own narrow frequency band or channel with all users occupying the available bandwidth simultaneously, each within their own narrow channel.
The sender's signal, called the baseband signal, is frequency shifted into the allocated frequency band for transmission and the receiver restores it back to the baseband.
*(Katsoulis, 2014)
**(Ippolito, 2017)

7. South African Resources
Orbital Resources
Orbital Sub-orbital
12.2° E Namibia
71° E
South Africa
21.2° E Botswana
19.3° W Lesotho

8. South African Resources
Capacity
Transponders and transfer rates
38 Transponders
24 Ku Band
14 C Band
36 MHz per transponder
2 – 10
megabit per second
per user

9. South African Resources
Footprint
One technical footprint
Covers approx. 30% of globe
One smaller global/national

10. Case for South Africa One uncoordinated orbital position
Potential global & national footprint
Broadband and secure telecom capacity
Hence:
Sufficient resources to satisfy both
Commercial and Military Secure Telecoms

11. Satellite Telecom Eco-System
SPACE SEGMENT
MISSION SEGMENT
Launch Service
Control Segment
Satellite
MillSat Payload
Commercial Payload

12. Satellite Telecom Eco-System
SPACE SEGMENT
MISSION SEGMENT
Launch Service
Control Segment
Satellite
MillSat Payload
Commercial Payload

13. Satellite Telecom Eco-System
SPACE SEGMENT
MISSION SEGMENT
Launch Service
Control Segment
Satellite
MillSat Payload
Commercial Payload

14. Financials of Telecom Satellites
Estimated operational cost
Cost per annum before depreciation
25 Million EUR
Estimated capital cost
Satellite build cost
Satellite launch cost
Ground segment
Several gateways
300 Million EUR

15. MzansiSat – Thinking outside the box
Background
Stellenbosch based startup
Founded in 2013
CEO - Bart Cilliers
40+ years experience as MD in
Military electronics
Telecommunications systems,
Satellite technology
Primary focus
Investigate, review and prove the feasibility of dual use SatCom projects for South Africa

16. MillSatCom – Conventional Angle
Apply for orbital resource from ITU
Acquire sufficient funding
Acquire orbital resources beyond 2023
Launch Satellite
Provide MillSatCom to MoD

17. MillSatCom – MzansiSat Angle
Apply for orbital resource through MzansiSat
Co-Finance combined orbital resource
Fast track ITU process – ETA 2020
Launch Satellite
Provide MillSatCom to MoD
Run profitable Commercial operation

18. MillSatCom – MzansiSat Angle
Co-Finance combined orbital resource
Fast track ITU process – ETA 2020
Launch Satellite
Provide MillSatCom to MoD
Run profitable Commercial operation

19. Advantages - MzansiSat Angle
National satellite
Free of geo-political interference
Foreign currency buffering
Massive reduction in foreign currency denominated import of satellite services
Fast track ITU regulatory process
+/- 2 years vs. 5+ years
Satellite bandwidth
Combined orbital resource allows for 76 HDTS transponders
Payload customizable to MoD specifications

20. Advantages - MzansiSat Angle
Profitable commercial operation
South African Strategic Partner at arms length of profitable commercial telecoms operation
Net positive state impact
Equates to:
Net discounted value of 51% of Satellite net earnings (South African Strategic Partner)
MINUS net discounted value of usage fees payed by MoD to (South African Strategic Partner)
Stimulate Economic growth
Force significant drop in broadband prices
Boost demand for satellite services