1. LO: How can we display the different patterns that the sun takes throughout the year?
Do Now: What is the intensity of insolation throughout the following dates: (High, Low, or Medium)
January____________
December__________
March_____________
June______________

2. Relationship of Surface Temperatures to Insolation
LO: What is Insolation?
Relationship of Surface Temperatures to Insolation
- Surface temperatures vary throughout each year
and throughout each day.
- These variations depend on a balance between
energy gained from insolation and lost by Earth’s
surface radiation.
- More energy gained than radiated = temperatures
rise.
- More energy radiated than gained = temperatures
decrease.
Times of Yearly Maximum and Minimum Temperatures
- The maximum intensity of insolation occurs on
June 21st but the maximum temperatures occur in
late July early August.
- Between June 21st and the end of July the Earth is
still gaining more energy than it is losing.
- The minimum intensity of insolation occurs on
December 21st but the minimum temperatures occur
in late January early February.
- Between December 21st and the end of January
the Earth is still losing more energy than it is
gaining.
Times of Daily Maximum and Minimum Temperatures
- The maximum intensity of insolation is at solar
noon but the maximum temperatures occur between
2p.m. and 4p.m.
- The Earth is still gaining more energy than it is
losing from 12p.m. to 4p.m.
100 90 70 80 60 70 50 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 10

3. LO: What is Insolation? Insolation or surface radiation Temperature
Maximum Temperature
Insolation
Minimum Temperature
Heat Balance
Heat surplus
Insolation or surface radiation
Heat Balance
Heat Deficit
Earth surface radiation
Heat Deficit 12
Mid 2 am 4 am 6 am 8 am 10 am 12 pm 2 pm 4 pm 6 pm 8 pm 10 pm 12
Mid

4. Seasons Direct causes of Seasons 10° LO: What is Insolation? 50° 50°N
- Seasonal changes in weather conditions result from the cyclic variation in angle, intensity and duration of insolation throughout the year.
- The seasons follow the shift in the 90° insolation between 23½°N and 23½°S.
- This causes seasons to be opposite of each other in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Astronomical causes of seasons
Tilt of Earth’s axis
-The Earth’s axis is tilted 23½° which causes the 90° insolation to shift between 23½°N and 23½°S.
- If the tilt of Earth’s axis was more, the 90° insolation would reach farther north and south resulting in warmer summer and cooler winters.
- If the tilt of Earth’s axis was less, the 90° insolation would not reach as far north or south resulting in cooler summers and warmer winters.
Parallelism of Earth’s Axis
- Regardless of Earth’s position in its orbit Earth’s axis always point in the same direction.
- The north pole always point to the North Star (Polaris).
Revolution of Earth Around the Sun
- As the Earth revolves around the sun the tilt of the axis changes with respect to the sun.
- June 21st  Northern hemisphere tilted toward the sun.
- December 21st  Southern Hemisphere tilted toward the sun
- March 21st + September 23rd  Neither hemisphere tilted toward the sun.
10°
LO: What is Insolation?
50°
50°N 0°
10°N
90°
90° 0°
50°S
23½° N
10°S
90°
23½°N 0°
23½° N
23½°S 0° 0°
23½° S
23½° S
23½°
23½°N
90° 0°
23½°S

5. How can we draw the different paths of the sun?

6. Complete the 4 Regents Questions on your sheet!
Summary
Complete the 4 Regents Questions on your sheet!

7. LO: Heat Budget Lab Do Now: Copy the following definitions:
Analogy: comparison between two things.
Arbitrary: an unspecified value.
Deficit: having less than necessary.
Surplus: having more than necessary.
Radiative Balance: The relationship between the amount of energy reaching an object (or a portion of it) and the amount leaving it. A good example of this is our Earth receiving energy from the sun, and giving off energy into the near future.