1. Acids and Bases: Day 4
Naming Acids and Bases

2. Bell Ringer
1. What 2 general products are always produced in a neutralization reaction?
2. What are the 2 general reactants for a neutralization reaction?
3. What is the ion that is common to all acids?
4. What is the ion that is common to all bases?

3. Acid/Base Strength

4. Would you use an acid to wash out your eye?
#8.3 Aim:
How do we name acids and bases?
Agenda
QOD (5)
Lesson: Acid strength (10)
Naming acids and bases (10)
Activity:
Acid and base strength (15)
Summary (5)
HW#18
…While boric acid is a main ingredient in eye-drop solutions
Hydrochloric acid causes major damage to even your skin…
What’s the difference?

5. Demo I have two acids… Which do you think is stronger?
How can we test our prediction?
What do you think causes greater conductivity in the stronger acid?

6. Which is a strong acid? Cl- X Cl- X Cl- Cl- X- X
Weak acids/bases only create a small percentage of ions
Strong acids/bases create many ions
Cl- X H H+
Cl- H X
Cl-
Cl- X- X H+ H H+ H+

7. Acid/base strength
The more ions released in solution, the stronger the acid or base
The more ions released in solution, the stronger the acid or base H+ H+ H+ H+
Strong H+ H+
Weak

8. So, why do you think strong acids and bases are good conductors of electricity?
HCl solution
Strong acids and bases are strong electrolytes, because they release many ions
Strong acids and bases are strong electrolytes, because they release many ions

9. Check for understanding√

10. Arrhenius Acids
A substance whose water solution contains H+ as the only positive ion.
A substance whose water solution contains H+ as the only positive ion. Cl
Cl- H + H+
HCl  H+ + Cl-
Does that mean that all compounds that contain H are acids?
Nope! CH4 does not release H+ in water

11. Check for understanding:
According to Arrhenius theory of acids, citric acid in oranges and acetic acid in vinegar are classified as acids because their aqueous solutions contain
a. hydrogen atoms
b. hydrogen ions
c. hydroxide atoms
d. hydroxide ions

12. Naming acids How do we name HBr?
Binary acids are made of Hydrogen + another element.
Hydro + name of element ic.
Ex. HCl: hydrochloric acid.
Ternary acids are more randomly-named:
Perchloric Acid-
Nitric Acid -
Sulfuric Acid -
Hydro + name of element + ic. and acid
Ex. HCl: hydrochloric acid.
How do we name HBr?
hydrobromic acid

13. Check for Understanding
Write the formula for the following acids
Hydroiodic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrobromic Acid
Which of the following is NOT an acid?
NH3
H2SO4
HClO4
HNO3

14. Arrhenius Bases - NaOH  Na+ + OH- O O Na Na+ +
A substance whose water solution contains OH- as the only negative ion.
A substance whose water solution contains OH- as the only negative ion. - O O Na
Na+ + H H
NaOH  Na+ + OH-
Are all compounds containing OH’s bases?
Nope! CH3OH is not a base.

15. Check for Understanding:
When an Arrhenius base is dissolved in H2O, the only negative ion present in the solution is
a. OH-
b. H3O-
c. H-
d. O2-

16. Naming bases How do we name KOH? Name of element + hydroxide.
Ex. NaOH: sodium hydroxide
How do we name KOH?
Potassium hydroxide

17. Check for Understanding
Fill in the missing boxes
Formula
Name
NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide
Cesium Hydroxide
RbOH
LiOH

18. Relative strength of some acids and bases

19. Activity: Drawing Acids and bases
Each pair will be given two substances. For each, use your notes and the example below to follow each step:
1. Is your substance an acid or a base?
2. What kind of ions will its water solution contain?
3. Draw what will happen to your acid or base when you put it in water.
For example…
My example:
Baking soda: base-OH-
Lemons: acid-H+

20. Independent Practice
See…
Acids Bases day 4 independent practice sheet