1. I. EARTH’S INTERIOR
Week 1 Notes Ch. 1, Section 1  

2. A. Exploring Inside Earth
a. Earth’s surface is __CONSTANTLY__ changing.
b. __GEOLOGISTS__ use 2 main types of __EVIDENCE__ to learn about Earth’s interior: __DIRECT__ evidence from rock samples and indirect __EVIDENCE__ from seismic waves.
What is a geologist: (1:51)

3. B. Evidence From Rock Samples
a. Geologist can __DRILL__ 12 kilometers into the Earth. Earth can sometimes blast rock up to the surface from __100__ kilometers.
C. Evidence From Seismic Wabes
a. When a __EARTHQUAKE__ occurs they produce __SEISMIC WAVES__
b. The __SPEED__ of seismic waves and the __PATHS__ they take reveal the __STRUCTURE__ of the planet.

4. II. A JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF EARTH
a. There are __THREE__ main layers of the Earth: the __CRUST__, the __MANTLE__, and the __CORE__
b. These 3 layers vary in __SIZE__, __COMPOSITION__, __TEMPERATURE__, and __PRESSURE__
A. Temperature
a. At the __SURFACE__ the temperature is __COOL__, it evidently gets __WARMER__ the __DEEPER__ you go.
b. The __WARM__ temperature is left over from the __CREATION__ of the planet
B. Pressure
a. __PRESSURE__ results from a __FORCE__ pressing on an area.
b. The __DEEPER__ you go the __MORE__ the pressure

5. III. THE CRUST a. The __CRUST__ is the outer skin of the planet
b. The crust is a layer of solid __ROCK__ that consists of both __DRY LAND__ and __OCEAN__ floors
c. __OCEANIC__ crust consists mostly of rocks called __BASALT__
d. Basalt is a __DARK__ rock with __FINE__ texture
e. __CONTINENTAL__ crust forms the continects, which is made up of __GRANITE__
f. __GRANITE__ is a light color and a __COARSE__ texture

6. IV. The Mantle a. The Mantle is an area of __HOT__ rock.
b. The __MANTLE__ is nearly __3,000__ kilometers thick

7. A. The Lithosphere
a. The __UPPERMOST__ part of the mantle is similar to the __CRUST__
b. The __LITHOSPHERE__ is a rigid __STONE__layer
B. The Asthenosphere
a. The __ASTHENOSPHERE__ is a __SOFT__ rock layer
Lithosphere and Asthenosphere (1:17)
Layers of the Earth Song (2:45)

8. V. THE CORE
a. The ___CORE__ is made up of __2__ types of __METALS__: __IRON__ and __NICKLE__
b. The core has 2 parts a __LIQUID__ outer core and a __SOLID__ inner core
A. Outer Core and Inner Core
a. The __OUTER__ core is __MOLTEN__ metal
b. The __INNER__ core is a __DENSE__ ball of __SOLID__ metal
B. The Core and Earth’s Magnetic Field
a. A __COMPASS__ needle aligns with the lines of force in __EARTH’S__ magnetic field
BrainPop: Earth’s Structure (2:48)