1. Soil Vocabulary

2. Soil
Complex plant supporting system made up of disintegrated rock, remains and wastes of organisms, water, gases, nutrients and microorganisms.

3. Parent Material
Base geological material in a particular location

4. Bedrock
Continuous mass of solid rock that makes up Earth’s crust

5. Soil Horizon
Layers of soil

6. Soil Profile
A cross section of all the soil horizons in a specific soil, from the surface to bedrock

7. Loam
Soil with a relatively even mixture of sand, silt and clay

8. Tilling
Turning over of soil before planting

9. Overgrazing
Occurs when too many animals eat too much of the plant cover, impeding re-growth

10. Irrigation
Providing water other than precipitation to crops

11. Pesticides
Chemicals that kill organisms that attack or compete with plants

12. Agriculture Vocabulary

13. Yield
The amount of crop that grows in a given area.

14. Biological Pest Control
Using living things that control pests by eating or infecting them

15. Green Revolution
A new system
A movement in which agricultural scientists developed nations introduced new technology, crop varieties, and farming practices of the developing world.

16. Arable Land
Land suitable for farming

17. GMO
Genetically Modified Organisms; An organism that has undergone genetic engineering

18. Integrated Pest Management
Using a combination of techniques such as biological pest control, habitat alteration, crop rotation, mechanical pest removal, and chemical pesticides to control pests

19. Genetic Engineering
Any process in which scientists directly manipulate an organism’s DNA

20. Food Security
The guarantee of an adequate and reliable food supply for all people at all times

21. Malnutrition
A shortage of nutrients the body needs

22. Pollinators
An animal that feeds on flower nectar, collects pollen on its body, and takes it to the next flower