1. Cellular Respiration
Biology 10 Unit 5

2. Unit 5 Respiration Table of Contents
Lesson 5.1 Overview of Cellular Respiration
Lesson 5.2 Aerobic Respiration
Lesson 5.3 Structure of Mitochondria
Lesson 5.4 Anaerobic Respiration
Lesson 5.5 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration

3. Lesson 5.1 Overview of Cellular Respiration Learning Goals
I can explain the process of cellular respiration and state the overall reaction equation.

4. Overview of Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
It is the process of converting glucose to ATP.
Equation for respiration:
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O ATP

5. There are 2 types of respiration:
Aerobic Respiration:
Requires oxygen
Example: Animals, Plants
Anaerobic Respiration:
Does NOT require oxygen
Examples
Bacteria, yeast

6. Lesson 5.2 Aerobic Respiration Learning Goals
I can explain that aerobic respiration uses three steps and oxygen to break down glucose into ATP.

7. Respiration Respiration takes place in three main stages: ATP
Glycolysis (anaerobic)
Krebs cycle (aerobic)
Electron Transport Chain (aerobic)
ATP

8. one molecule of glucose produces ________.
ATP Accounting
Animals, including humans, and plants, all require oxygen and perform _________ respiration to make energy (_______) from _________.
aerobic
ATP
glucose
In after the three main stages of aerobic respiration (Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain),
one molecule of glucose produces ________.
38 ATP
Only about 40% of the energy contained in the glucose molecule has been converted to _____. The remaining 60% is given off as _____.
ATP
heat

9. Lesson 5.3 Structure of Mitochondria Learning Goals
I can label the parts of the mitochondrion on a diagram and label where cellular respiration takes place.

10. Structure of the Mitochondria
Label the following structures found in the mitochondria.
1 – Outer membrane
2 – Inner Membrane
3 – Matrix
4 – Cristae

11. Structure of the Mitochondria
The _______ is the space inside the inner membrane.
It contains…
…the enzymes that are needed for the reactions of the Krebs cycle as well as mitochondrial DNA and ribosomes.
matrix
The inner membrane has folds and loops called _______.
The cristae:
increase the surface area for the reactions of the respiration process.
cristae
The Krebs cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and the electron transport chain occurs along the cristae membranes.

12. Lesson 5.4 Anaerobic Respiration Learning Goals
I can explain that anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.
I can describe the two types of anaerobic respiration and give examples where each is used.

13. Fermentation will yield only a gain of _______ per molecule of ______.
Fermentation occurs when:
oxygen is not present.
Since no oxygen is required, fermentation is an __________ process.
anaerobic
The anaerobic pathways are not very efficient in transferring energy from ________ to _____.
glucose
ATP
Fermentation will yield only a gain of _______ per molecule of ______.
2 ATP
glucose

14. There are two main types of fermentation:
Alcoholic fermentation 
Lactic acid fermentation

15. Alcoholic Fermentation
_______ perform alcoholic fermentation.
Yeasts convert ____________ into ______________ when they run out of _______.
Yeasts
glucose
ethyl alcohol
oxygen
Yeasts are used to make breads and alcohol.

16. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Muscle cells
_____________ perform alcoholic fermentation.
Muscles convert ____________ into ______________ when they run out of _______.
glucose
oxygen
lactic acid
Lactic acid is produced in muscle cells during _________ because the muscles use up the ______ and body is not supplying the muscle tissue with _________ fast enough.
exercise
ATP
oxygen
Some bacteria also perform ______________ fermentation as their ______ source of energy
lactic acid
main

17. The lactic acid in the muscles causes _____________ because it reduces the muscle’s ability to ________.
When oxygen _______ to the muscles, the __________ will be broken down and ________ respiration will resume
severe cramps
contract
returns
lactic acid
aerobic
A wide variety of foods are produced by bacteria using lactic acid fermentation: cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, sour cream, pickles, sauerkraut.

18. Evolution of Anaerobic Pathways
The __________ pathways probably evolved very early in the history of life on Earth.
anaerobic
The first organisms were ________ and they produced all of their _____ through _________.
bacteria
ATP
glycolysis
It took over a ______ years for the first _____________ organisms to appear on Earth.
billion
photosynthetic

19. Lesson 5.5 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Learning Goals
I can compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration and explain how the two systems are interconnected.

20. The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Sun
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Green plants only
Photosynthesis generates the _______ and _______ used by the mitochondria of eukaryotes as fuel for:
cellular respiration.
oxygen
C6H12O6 + O2
glucose
Mitochondria
Respiration
All Living Organisms!
heat

21. The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Sun
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Green plants only
Cellular respiration breaks down ________ into simpler substances and releases the stored _______.
glucose
C6H12O6 + O2
energy
Mitochondria
Respiration
All Living Organisms!
heat

22. The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Sun
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Green plants only
Some of this energy is used to make ____ from ADP.
Some of this energy is lost as _____.
ATP
C6H12O6 + O2
Mitochondria
Respiration
All Living Organisms!
ATP
heat
heat

23. The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Sun
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Green plants only
The waste products of respiration, _____________, are the raw materials for _______________.
IMPORTANT NOTE: While only green plants carry out ______________, ALL living things carry out __________.
CO2 and H2O
CO2 + H2O
C6H12O6 + O2
photosynthesis
Mitochondria
Respiration
All Living Organisms!
ATP
photosynthesis
respiration
heat

24. Comparing Photosynthesis to Respiration
Function
Energy capture.
Energy release.
Location
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Reactants
CO2 and H2O
C6H12O6 and O2
Products
Equation
CO2 + H2O + sun  C6H12O6 and O2
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O ATP