2. WARM UP - MAY 11
GRAB THE GUIDED NOTES AND HANDOUTS FROM THE FRONT TABLE ANSWER THESE REVIEW QUESTIONS ON TODAY’S GUIDED NOTES 1. Who was President of the Confederacy? Where was the Confederacy’s capital? 2. What were the 3 parts of the Union’s Anaconda Plan to defeat the Confederacy? 3. Name one strength and one weakness of the Union Army 4. Name one strength and one weakness of the Confederate Army 5. What were the four major early battles of the Civil War?

3. EARLY BATTLES Battle of Bull Run – Date: July 1861
Outcome: Confederacy Wins
Significance:
First major bloodshed of the Civil War
Confederate wins improves their morale
George McClellan named Union Army General

4. EARLY CIVIL WAR BATTLES
Battle of Shiloh –
Date: April 1862
Outcome: Union Wins
Significance:
Confederates ambushed Union troops
Union counterattacked, Confederates retreat

5. EARLY CIVIL WAR BATTLES
Battle Of Antietam –
Date: Sept 1862
Outcome: Union Wins
Significance:
Bloodiest single day of battle during the entire war
More than 26,000 deaths (More than War of 1812 and Mexican-American War combined)
Confederates retreat, McClellan doesn’t follow, gets fired by Lincoln

6. 8.6 – THE POLITICS OF WAR

7. Foreign Aid? Both sides believed Great Britain would give aid.
Confederacy – GB needs our cotton
Union – GB abolished slavery, cannot support Confederacy in a war that is partially over slavery
GB declared neutrality.
Found other cotton supplies
Could not support slavery

8. Lincoln and Slavery
Lincoln morally disagreed with slavery BUT didn’t believe it was within the federal government’s power to abolish it where it already existed.
Lincoln claimed he waged war to preserve the Union.
“My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union,
and is not either to save or destroy slavery.”
- Lincoln

9. Emancipation as a Weapon
Confederacy’s economic and military success relied on slave labor.
Emancipation of southern slaves could be a weapon for the Union.
Slaves would rebel in Confederate states and possibly help Union
Great Britain might agree to help Union because agreed with abolition.

10. Emancipation Proclamation
January 1, 1863; freed all slaves in Confederate states not occupied by Union troops
DID NOT emancipate slaves in slave states still in the Union
DID NOT emancipate slaves in areas in the south occupied by Union troops
Allowed free blacks to enlist in the Union army

11. Reactions to the Emancipation Proclamation
Symbolic importance
Freed only a portion of slaves
Allowed Lincoln to use the military power of Commander in Chief to take a stand on slavery – “to the victor belong the spoils of the enemy”
Gave the war a moral purpose
Union – divided
Northern Democrats - This will cause a prolonged war
Strengthened support for the war from abolitionists
Not all northerners or Union soldiers were abolitionists, but reluctantly supported it if it was going to save the Union
Confederacy – outraged
As a separate nation, they didn’t have to free any slaves – viewed the proclamation an attempt to take away private property
Became more devoted to fighting against the Union

12. The Reality of the Emancipation Proclamation

13. Both Sides Faced Political Problems
Neither side was completely unified during the Civil War.
Union supporters in the Confederacy.
Confederate supporters in the Union.
How should the governments handle critics?
How can each government ensure a steady supply of men to fight in their armies?

14. Dealing with Dissent Dissent – disagreement, criticism
Lincoln suspended habeas corpus during the Civil War.
The right NOT to be held without evidence of a crime or the possibility of a trial
Guaranteed in the Constitution, however in times of national crisis, presidents have been known to suspend it.
Gave Union authorities to jail anyone without having to actually charge them with a crime or give them a trial.
Over 13,000 Confederate supporters were held in the Union without a trial
Copperheads were also held (Northern Democrats who urged compromise with the Confederacy)

15. Drafting Most soldiers on both sides were volunteers.
Conscription –drafting of citizens to serve in military
Due to large numbers of death and desertions (runaways)
Confederacy – men 17-50
exempt if you own more than 20 slaves or could pay someone to take your place “rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight”
Union – men 20-45
$300 to avoid or could pay someone to take your place

16. NYC Draft Riots NYC – many poor, diseased, crowded into slums
Immigrants did not want to be drafted
Couldn’t pay to avoid service
Didn’t want to free slaves – competition for low paying jobs
July 13-16, 1863 – rioters attacked…
draft offices, Republican newspaper offices
homes of anti-slavery leaders
rich white men on the street (looked like they could afford to avoid service)
blacks
Ended by federal troops  over 100 died

17. NYC Draft Riots