1. Long Term Responses to Training
Or Chronic Effects of Exercise

2. Complete ‘Short Term Responses to Exercises’ W.Sheet

3. Long Term Effects of Exercise
As the body continues to be engaged in exercise, there are a number of long-term (chronic) changes that occur.
These effects will remain until you stop training, when your body will gradually revert to its past condition.

4. Cardiac Hypertrophy
A moderate increase in heart size is often observed in males and females in response to exercise training, regardless of age.

5. Increased Stroke Volume
As the heart becomes larger and thicker, it ejects a greater volume of blood with each beat.

6. Decreased Resting Heart Rate (Bradycardia)
Since the cardiac output required at rest is constant, increases in stroke volume are accompanied by corresponding decreases in heart rate.
Bradycardia means “slow heart”.

7. Increased Blood Volume and Haemoglobin
Training simulates increased plasma and red blood cell volumes.
This improves the effectiveness of oxygen delivery and waste removal.
Increased Blood Volume and Haemoglobin

8. Body System
Short-Term Responses to Exercise
Long-Term Responses to Exercise
Cardiovascular
The blood is able to carry more oxygen
Heart rate increases
More blood pumped around the body
Blood pressure increases
The heart gets slightly larger
Resting heart rate gets lower
Heart rate returns to normal faster

9. Short-Term Responses to Exercise Long-Term Responses to Exercise
Body System
Short-Term Responses to Exercise
Long-Term Responses to Exercise
Respiratory
Breathing rate increases
Amount of air taken in each breath increases
The lungs can breathe in and out a greater volume of air, and with it oxygen
Refer to Study Guide page 131

10. Body System
Short-Term Responses to Exercise
Long-Term Responses to Exercise
Muscular
Muscles receive more blood and oxygen
Muscles inc. in temp.
Muscles get more flexible
Muscles get larger and stronger
Muscles get more blood vessels & can receive more oxygen

11. Read pages 54 – 57 in Level 1 workbook.
Complete exercises on page O
Questions 1, 2 & 3