1. 9
The Endocrine System

2. The Endocrine System I. Introduction
A. = control system composed of Endocrine Glands that make Hormones
B. Major Organ Systems & Processes Controlled

3. Pineal gland Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Ovary (female)
Testis (male)
Figure 9.3

4. C. How Hormones work *Hormones: Define 2. *Target Cells & Organs =
3. Protein Receptors
4. How do Hormones affect the DNA molecules?
Then, proteins do what?
5. Connection to Brain: Brain/Hypothalamus
Hormone
DNA
Specific Proteins then produced
ORGAN RESPONSE: proteins affect what cells and organs are doing
Receptor
TTARGET CELL

5. II. Specific Hormones A. Pituitary Gland
I-C. How Hormones Work …
II. Specific Hormones A. Pituitary Gland
1. *Location:
*Two lobes: name and give type tissue
2. Importance:
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland

6. Releasing hormones
secreted into portal
circulation
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary
Posterior pituitary
Hypophyseal
portal system
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
Growth hormone (GH)
Bones and muscles
Prolactin (PRL)
Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
and luteinizing
hormone (LH)
Thyrotropic
hormone (TH)
Adrenal cortex
Mammary
glands
Thyroid
Testes or ovaries
Figure 9.4

7. 3. Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary
a. Stimulus for Release:
b. Growth hormone
ii) *Target Organs: the two main ones are?
iii) Functions: Overall is Metabolism
Cell Division & Growth of:
Use of Fats for energy,
iv) *Disorders– What is the Cause and Affect?
*Pituitary dwarfism
*Gigantism

8. Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary…
c. *Prolactin
*Target Organ
*Function:
d. Reproductive Stimulating Hormones
Function:
Involvement of Hypothalamus:

9. 4. *Hormones of the Posterior Pituitary Name them & give Target
a. *Where are Hormones made?
b. ADH = *__________________ hormone
*Target Organ
Function:
c. *____________________
*Target Organs
Functions:
(1)
(2)

10. B. Thyroid Gland Stimulus for Release: *Location
Hormones– Name the two hormones
a. * _________________
Target Cells
Functions
Disorders: Hyper- and Hypo-Thyroidism:
Thyroid Gland 10

11. Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ Disease)
Figure 9.9 11

12. C. Adrenal Glands– Adrenal Medulla
1. *Location:
2. Hormones– many, we will do two
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
b. Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Deal with:
Adrenal Gland 12

13. D. Pancreas-- Pancreatic Islets
1. *Location:
2. Hormones Name the two hormones
a. * ___________-- Function:
b. *___________-- Function:
3. Disorders-- Hyperglycemia
4. Other Pancreas Function:
Pancreas 13

14. E. Gonads *Gonads: define *Location
*Hormones of the Ovaries name the two hormones
*_________________ Function:
3. Hormones of the Testes name the hormone
*___________________ Function:
Gonads 14

15. END F. Other Organs that make one or a few Hormones
Kidney produces Erythropoietin:
Stomach and Intestine produce Gastrin:
END