1. Genetic Engineering How do scientists use restriction enzymes?
How are DNA fingerprints created and used for identification?

2. Manipulating DNA Restriction enzymes cut DNA
Recognize a specific sequence
Break hydrogen bonds between base pairs
DNA is separated
Ends of DNA can be blunt or sticky

4. Manipulating DNA New genes can be added to an organisms DNA
Both host and gene to be added are cut with same restriction enzyme
Then the two sets of DNA are combined
Transgenic organisms are created

5. DNA Fingerprinting Every organisms DNA is unique
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) copies DNA to obtain large amounts
All DNA that is being compared is cut with restriction enzymes
Each sample is added to a different well

7. DNA Fingerprinting Electric current is generated
DNA has a negative charge so it moves toward positive end
Larger pieces don’t move as far so DNA is separated