1. Lesson 3 Protists & Fungi I. Protista. https://youtu. be/0-6dzU4gOJo A
Lesson 3 Protists & Fungi I. Protista A. Characteristics
Kingdom Protista= group of eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as fungi, plants or animals
Protists have membrane bound organelles
Some have chloroplasts
Contractile vacuoles that get rid of excess water
Sensor organelles for light, heat, and food
Protists have complex structures for movement
Cilia= short hair like structure that move in a wave pattern
Flagella= long whip like structure that propels like a boat

2. B. Reproduction http://study
Asexual reproduction
Binary fission= copies DNA and then splits into 2 clones
Fragmentation= a piece breaks off and develops into a new individual

3. Sexual Reproduction= two cells (gametes) join together
Each gamete has half of the genetic info (haploid)
Come together to make a whole organism (diploid)
Increases genetic diversity
Gametophytes= adult haploid generation in Protists
Sporophytes= adult diploid generation
Spores= reproductive cells that are resistant to stressful environmental conditions
Alternation of generations= cycle of switching between the haploid and diploid phases of a protist

4. B. Groups of Protists https://youtu.be/SCfg3sywC7k
Animal like Protists= get nutrients by ingesting other organisms
Eat small bacteria, yeast & fungi
Can move with cilia or flagella
ex: Amoeba
Fungus like Protists= absorb nutrients from living or dead organisms
Cannot move so they send spores out into the environment where they land and grow on an organism
Plant like Protists= producers that float
Phytoplankton= produce much of the world’s oxygen
Algae= green, red, & brown

5. II. Kingdom Fungi https://youtu.be/OeCVdLHB5dY A. Characteristics
Fungi= (singular fungus) are spore producing organisms that absorb nutrients from the environment
Fungi are consumers
get nutrients by secreting digestive juices onto a food source, dissolving the food, and then the dissolved food is ingested
Fungi cannot move
Cell walls are made of chitin (hard substance)
Hyphae=chains of threadlike fungal filaments that makes the body of the fungus and grows underground

6. B. Fungi Reproduction https://youtu.be/HLtGRHX0sLI
Asexual Reproduction occurs in 3 ways:
fragmentation= hyphae break apart and each new piece becomes a new fungus
budding= small portion pinches off from the parent to become a new individual
spores are released and spread by wind to travel long distances and grow where they land

7. Sexual reproduction occurs when hyphae from two individuals join together
the fused hyphae from a reproductive structure = a mushroom
genetic material from both fungi are fused together
spores are released from formed mushroom

8. C. Types of Fungi https://youtu.be/nVw4Kgvgp44
Zygote Fungi= bread molds, molds that rot fruits, & vegetables
some can fight infections
used to process soybeans
some can cause infections
Sac Fungi= largest group of fungi
yeasts, powdery mildew, morels, & birds nest fungi
microscopic sacs open to release spores
make breads and alcohols
Club Fungi= mushroom, bracket fungi, smuts and rusts
fungal mycelium if one of the worlds largest living organisms (2,383 acres or 1,665 football fields!) Oregon USA

9. D. Fungi partnerships
Mycorrhiza= fungus that grows in or on the roots of plants
The fungus breaks down organic matter to provide minerals for the plant
The plant photosynthesizes making organic matter for the fungus
Lichen= partnership between fungus and green alga or cyanobacterium
The alga or cyanobacteria provide food for the fungus through photosynthesis
The fungus provides protection(shelter), water, and minerals
Creates soil by breaking down rocks
Indicates a non-polluted environment b/c they are sensitive
Food for animals

10. https://youtu.be/Bfk0gKbQBuM Nat Geo modern marvels Fungi

11. Uses of Fungi: https://youtu.be/BlcKBKJ8uro
States 5 things that we can now do with fungi