1. Continuing the War in the East
Chapter 15 Part 4

2. Antietam Britain watching Confederacy—should they help?
September 1862: Confederate strategy changeoffensive.
Lee divided up army.
Two union soldiers found three cigar wrappers.
Cigar wrappers contained dispatch messages including Lee’s location.
McClellan very happy; planned to attack Lee before Lee could get reinforcements.

3. Antietam Lee learned of the lost orders.
Changed plans, but before he could escape, McClellan attacked near Sharpsburg, MD (on Antietam Creek).

4. Antietam
Lee manages to get reinforcements from General Jackson’s foot soldiers.
Lee gains control of the battlefield but knows their winning is unlikely; plans a retreat and escapes at night.
McClellan does not chase after them.

5. Antietam
Casualties – Antietam is the single bloodiest day in the history of all of America’s wars.
Because Confederacy does not “win” Antietam, Britain does not recognize them as a nation.
Lincoln replaces McClellan; uses Antietam war as reason to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

6. Fredericksburg McClellan replaced by Ambrose Burnside.
Burnside had no more success than McClellan.
Burnside decides to attack firmly established Confederate forces at Fredericksburg
Result: Failure.

7. Fredericksburg
Lincoln tries again by replacing General Burnside with “Fighting Joe” Hooker.

8. Chancellorsville Hooker in charge or 130,000 soldiers; Lee had 60,000.
“Fighting Joe” Hooker
Hooker in charge or 130,000 soldiers; Lee had 60,000.
Felt confident.
Decided to attack Lee from west.

9. Chancellorsville Hooker goes to Chancellorsville; close to Richmond.
Lee divides army again and sends some to catch Union by surprise.
Battle for 5 days; Confederates win; considered to be General Lee’s best use of military tactics.
Very costly battle, however:
Stonewall Jackson mortally wounded.

10. Gettysburg Encouraged, Lee decides to advance into Pennsylvania.
Problems: Army hungry, many shoeless…wrongly thought Gettysburg had a hidden supply of army shoes.

11. Gettysburg Hooker did not try to stop Lee.
Lincoln, frustrated, removed Hooker and appointed George Meade as the new commander.

12. Gettysburg George Meade very well qualified.
July 1, 1863: Lee moves into the town of Gettysburg.
Accidentally came upon a Union scouting party.
Both armies jumped into action to prepare to fight along two ridges.
Mile-wide valley between.

13. Gettysburg Day 1: Day 2: Lee forced Union troops back.
Round Top, Gettysburg
Day 1:
Lee forced Union troops back.
Day 2:
Lee orders General James Longstreet to attack Union left on the hill, Round Tops.
Longstreet hesitated—when he arrived, he was beaten back.

14. Gettysburg Day 3: Lee attacked with the heaviest bombardment yet.
General Pickett leads marching attack.
Union soldiers hid behind a stone wall.
Union opened fire and killed hundreds.
Finally, Pickett re-grouped men and charged toward the stone wall.
Fought hand-to-hand combat.
Slaughtering on both sides was gruesome.
“Pickett’s Charge” lasted only 50 minutes; heavy casualties

15. Gettysburg Day 3: Confederates almost out of ammunition
Union general Meade unaware; never launched a counterattack.
Lee left the next morning.
General Meade let them go.
As a result, Lincoln replaced Meade with Ulysses S. Grant.

16. Gettysburg