1. Bell Ringer M.Socrative.com – Room #38178 Questions:
1. What was the subject of realist plays?
You should be able to answer this without your notes (you turned them in yesterday)

2. Impressionism Dance

3. Dance
Two major revolutions in dance occurred in the early 20th century
Sergei Diaghilev (DYAH-gee-lef; ) was largely responsible for one of them
When Diaghilev arrived in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1890 to study law, he became friends with several artists.
In 1898, his friends launched a new magazine, World of Art, and appointed him editor

4. Dance - Diaghilev
His career in artistic management shaped the ballet world of the 20th century
In producing outstanding works that employed the finest choreographers, he played a tremendous role in bringing the art of Paris and Munich to Moscow and St. Petersburg (and vice versa)

5. Dance - Diaghilev
Once he had successfully produced opera outside of Russia, he was encouraged to take Russian ballet to Paris
In 1909 he opened the first of his many Ballets russes
The dancers included the greatest dancers of Russia
Including Anna Pavlova and Vaslav Nijinsky

6. Dance - Diaghilev Mikhail Fokine was the choreographer
He believed in the artistic unity of all production elements – costumes, settings, music, and dance
Dancing should blend harmoniously with the theme and subject of the production

7. Dance - Nijinsky
Diaghilev loved Nijinsky’s dancing and decided that he should choreograph as well
In 1912, he choreographed the controversial Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun (music by Debussy)
The choreography was rife with sexual suggestion and the obscenity of the performance caused an uproar
Rudolph Nureyev : Afternoon of a Faun' – YouTube (30 seconds)

8. Dance - Nijinsky
A year later, the unveiling of Nijinsky’s choreography of Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring caused an actual riot
The controversy of Rite of Spring had to do with the music and the dancing - the choreography was definitely shocking
Joffrey Ballet 1987 Rite of Spring (3 of 3) – YouTube (beg and 4:25)
Riot at the Rite (final,part 6) – YouTube

9. Dance - Massine
Diaghilev’s new choreographer, Leonide Massine, took the company (and ballet in general) in new directions
Nijinsky’s decision to marry in 1913 caused a rift with Diaghilev and he was dismissed from the company
Diaghilev was homosexual – rumor says he had feelings for Nijinsky and thus dismissed him when he wed someone else
The ballets turned to themes emerging in the visual arts, for example cubism and eventually surrealism (we’ll talk about soon!)

10. Dance - Massine
Parade in 1917 found dancers in huge skyscraper-like cubist costumes designed by Pablo Picasso
The music, by Eric Satie, included sounds of typewriters and steamship whistles

11. Dance - Balanchine
In 1924, Diaghilev hired a new choreographer, George Balanchine
He came from St. Petersburg and choreographed 10 productions for him over the next 4 years
Two of these are still danced today – The Prodigal Son by Prokofiev, and Apollo by Stravinsky
George Balanchine's Apollo - YouTube

12. Dance - Balanchine
When Diaghilev died in 1929, his company died with him and an era ended
Ballet had been reborn as a major art form, a blending of choreography, dancing, music, and visual art – a rival to opera as a “perfect synthesis of the arts”

13. Duncan & Modern Dance
When Diaghilev continued within balletic traditions, others did not
The most significant of the set was the remarkable and unrestrained Isadora Duncan ( )
American
By 1905, Duncan had gained notoriety for her barefoot, deeply emotional dancing

14. Duncan & Modern Dance Achieved her fame in Europe
Her dances were emotional interpretations of moods suggested to her by music or by nature
Her dance was personal
She danced in bare feet
This break with convention continues to this day as a basic condition of the modern dance tradition she helped to form

15. Duncan & Modern Dance
Isadora Duncan’s Style (this will transition into Modern and Contemporary Dance)
Isadora Duncan - Maenod - YouTube

16. 15 minutes short