1. CHAPTERS
PLANT NOTES

2. Major characteristics
Multicellular
Eukaryotes
Cell walls of cellulose
Autotrophs
Contain chlorophyll
Contain roots and leaves

3. Adaptations
Vascular tissue – allows special transport of plant material

4. Adaptations
Seeds – structures containing plant embryos

5. Do not have “true” leaves Contain root like rhizoids
bryophytes
Mosses
Do not have “true” leaves
Contain root like rhizoids

6. Tracheophytes Seedless Vascular Plants
First ones were club mosses and ferns
Vascular tissue
As they evolved they developed the ability to be very large

7. “True” Land plants
First plants with roots, leaves, and vascular tissues unlike bryophytes

8. Vascular Tissue
Transports substances throughout the plant
Xylem –
Water
Phloem –
Food (sugars)

9. Ferns Usually live in moist environments Can live in dry areas
Can go dormant in harsh conditions
Developed thick underground stems

10. gymnosperms
Seeds are not part of fruit (naked seeds)
Develops cones (conifers)

11. cones
Reproductive structures
Small ones produce pollen (male)
Larger ones (female)

12. Seeds are dispersed by…
Wind
Animals

13. Angiosperms (Anthophyta)
Flowering plants
Plants whose seeds are part of fruits

14. fruits Contains seeds in angiosperms
How could this be a method of spreading seeds?

15. Pollen From the male organ of the plant
Pollination occurs by animals, winds, and self-pollination
Ex. Bees and flowers

16. Parts of the Flower to Know
pistil
stamen
Stamen
Pistil
Petal
Sepal
petal
sepal

17. stigma
pistil
style
anther
stamen
filament
ovary
sepal
ovary
(ovule/egg)
petal

18. Swells and breaks coating Food is broken down
Germination
Seed gets water
Swells and breaks coating
Food is broken down
Energy is used for growth

19. phototropism
Plants ability to grow towards light

20. Gravitropism A plants response to gravity
Usually plants grow in the opposite direction of gravity

21. photoperiodism
A plants flowering response based on the number of hours of exposure to darkness

22. Carnivorous Plants