1. Place these answers onto your paper.
Chapter 19 Worksheets
Place these answers onto your paper.

2. 19.1 While You Read Elevation
Increasing elevation leads to ______________ air pressure.
decreasing

3. 19.1 While You Read
2. Temperature Decreasing temperature leads to ________________ air pressure. increasing

4. 19.1 While You Read
3. Humidity Increasing humidity leads to __________________ air pressure. decreasing

5. 19.1 After You Read
Define air pressure. Then describe the likely weather in both high-and low-pressure conditions.
Air pressure is the weight of the atmosphere pushing on surfaces.
High pressure causes fair, cool, and dry conditions.
Low pressure causes cloudy, warm, and humid air with possible precipitation.

6. 19.1 After You Read
2. Name and describe a way to measure air pressure. A mercury barometer uses the height of mercury in a glass column to measure the surrounding pressure; the greater the pressure, the higher the mercury rises.

7. 19.2 While you Read
Coriolis effect: pushes winds to their right in Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Creates clockwise spiral of winds in a high-pressure area
Creates counter-clockwise spiral of winds in a low-pressure area.

8. 19.2 While You Read Friction:
Lessens impact of Coriolis effect, allowing winds to blow on truer course
Greater effect over the ocean
Effect on winds decreases with elevation

9. 19.2 After You Read
Define the jet stream and explain the effect friction has on it.
The jet stream is a band of fast-moving winds that flow west to east and can encircle the globe. Because the winds are so high up in the troposphere, friction does not slow the jet stream.

10. 19.3 While You Read
1. Explain how warm and cool air circulate through the cells of the three-celled circulation model. Discuss how the Coriolis effect changes the direction of the air as it circulates. In each cell, warm air circulates toward the poles and cool air circulates toward the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect pushes the warm air and the cool air east. In the Southern Hemisphere, this effect is reversed. The circulation direction alternates from cell to cell.

11. 19.3 After You Read Temp Pressure Surface Winds 0° - 30° hottest low
Least wind; easterly
30° - 60°
hot
high
Little wind; westerly
60° - 90°
warm
Steady wind; easterly
90°
coldest

12. 19.4 While You Read
Sea-breeze circulation: During the day, land heats up more quickly than water does. Lan-breeze circulation: At night, land cools more quickly than water does.