1. Lesson 1: Why did the people build castles?
Knowledge: To know how castles were invented
Understanding: To examine the purpose of castles
Skill: To develop writing PEEL paragraphs
Last Lesson
What was the impact of the Black Death?
The Black Death had a terrible impact because...
Last Week
What were the symptoms of the Black Death?
Name three.
Last Term
Name the three claimants to the English throne in 1066

2. When William the Conqueror took over England he gave large areas of land to his barons. They soon realised they needed protection from attacks by unhappy Englishmen. So they decided to build castles. By 1086 there were over 100 new castles in England. The new buildings were called motte and bailey castles. They had to be built quickly wherever the Normans wanted them. If there were houses or a village in the way, they were simply knocked down. For example in Lincoln the Normans pulled down 150 houses to build a new castle.
EASY
Why did the barons start building castles?
They needed….from...
MEDIUM
How were the new castles built?
The castles were built...For example by ...there were….
CHALLENGING
If the Normans were willing to knock down houses and villages, what does that tell us about them?
(3 sentences)

3. Location, location, location.
Task: Find the locations of the castles, cathedrals and major cities and label them on the map.
Castles
Cathedrals
Cities
CHALLENGE!
Which part of the Britain were there no castles? Can you guess why?

4. Major Norman Castles:
Durham
York
Lincoln
Chester
Shrewsbury
Norwich
Warwick
Hereford
Gloucester
Oxford
Ely
London
Dover
Canterbury
Major Norman Cities:
Durham
Chester
York
Lincoln
Shrewsbury
Coventry
Norwich
Worcester
Oxford
London
Winchester
Canterbury
Norman Cathedrals:
Durham
York Minster
Lincoln
Chester
Norwich
Worcester
Hereford
Gloucester
St Paul’s, London
Canterbury
Winchester

5. Major Norman Cities: Durham Chester York Lincoln Shrewsbury Coventry
Norwich
Worcester
Oxford
London
Winchester
Canterbury cv

6. Major Norman Castles: Durham York Lincoln Chester Shrewsbury Norwich
Warwick
Hereford
Gloucester
Oxford
Ely
London
Dover
Canterbury cv

7. Norman Cathedrals: Durham York Minster Lincoln Chester Norwich
Worcester
Hereford
Gloucester
St Paul’s, London
Canterbury
Winchester cv

8. Task: Why did William build castles where there were rebellions?
Map showing the major rebellions during William’s reign. The arrows show the movements of the royal army to stop them.
Churches
Castles
Where did the King place his new castles?
Task: Why did William build castles where there were rebellions?
To have greater control
To be able to have troops ready
To be able to scare the locals
Pick one option and explain it. cv
CHALLENGE
Why did William built castles and churches in the same places?

9. Why were castles built?
Although … was now … of England, he still had the problem of controlling the defeated … So he brought over his … and powerful friends from … in France to help him do this. He gave them large areas of … and asked them to … on his behalf. These … as they were called, built large fortresses known as … and .... castles to live while they ruled their land.
Barons, motte, Normandy, King, William, rich, English, land, bailey, control
CHALLENGE
Improve the paragraph by including these key words:
formidable, stronghold, security, strategic location

10. Why were castles built?
Although William was now King of England, he still had the problem of controlling the defeated English. So he brought over his rich and powerful friends from Normandy in France to help him do this. He gave them large areas of land and asked them to rule on his behalf. These barons as they were called, built large fortresses known as motte and bailey castles to live while they ruled their land.
Barons, motte, Normandy, King, William, rich, English, land, bailey, control
CHALLENGE
Improve the paragraph by including these key words:
formidable, stronghold, security, strategic location