1. Which lipids would you find in human cell membranes?
cholesterol
glycolipids
phospholipids
all of the above
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2. A food contains organic molecules with the elements C, H, and O in a ratio of 1:2:1. What class of compounds do these molecules belong to, and what are their major functions in the body?
lipids; energy source
proteins; support and movement
nucleic acids; determining inherited characteristics
carbohydrates; energy source
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3. Why is cholesterol important in the human body?
It transforms into prostaglandins, which are released by damaged tissues causing pain.
Cells need it to maintain membrane rigidity as well as for hormone production.
It is an essential component of eicosanoids.
It is the only site of storage for lipid-soluble vitamins.
Answer: b
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4. Why is cholesterol important in the human body?
It transforms into prostaglandins, which are released by damaged tissues causing pain.
Cells need it to maintain membrane rigidity as well as for hormone production.
It is an essential component of eicosanoids.
It is the only site of storage for lipid-soluble vitamins.
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5. Proteins are chains of which small organic molecules?
saccharides
fatty acids
amino acids
nucleic acids
Answer: c
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6. How might a change in an enzyme’s active site affect its functions?
increased activity due to a better fit with the substrate
decreased activity due to a poor substrate fit
inhibited activity due to no substrate fit
all of the above
Answer: d
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7. How does boiling a protein affect its structural and functional properties?
Heat denatures the protein, causing unfolding.
Heat causes the formation of additional quaternary structure.
Heating rearranges the primary structure of the protein.
Heat alters the radical groups on the amino acids.
Answer: a
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8. How does boiling a protein affect its structural and functional properties?
Heat denatures the protein, causing unfolding.
Heat causes the formation of additional quaternary structure.
Heating rearranges the primary structure of the protein.
Heat alters the radical groups on the amino acids.
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9. A large organic molecule composed of the sugar ribose, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate groups is which kind of nucleic acid?
DNA
ATP
protein
RNA
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10. What statement below is FALSE with regard to the function of DNA?
It encodes information needed to build proteins.
It controls all physical characteristics of our bodies.
It assembles a specific amino acid within a protein’s structure.
It regulates all aspects of cellular metabolism.
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