1. 1.1 Earth Science

2. 4 Branches of Earth Science
Astronomy – study of objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere (this does include Earth)
Meteorology – studies the air that surrounds the Earth

3. 4 Branches of Earth Science (cont)
Geology – study of materials that make up the Earth and the processes that form and change these materials
Study of Earth’s oceans and the creatures within them

4. Earth’s Systems
Lithosphere – rigid outer layer of the planet that includes the crust and mantle
- 2 kinds of crust
- Continental
- Oceanic
- Mantle contains asthenosphere
- Under the mantle is the core
- outer (liquid part) and inner (solid)

5. Earth’s Systems (cont)
Hydrosphere – water in Earth’s oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and glaciers
- 97% of Earth’s water is salt water
- ¾ of the fresh water is found in glaciers
Atmosphere – blanket of gases around the Earth
It is about 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen
The remaining 1% is water vapor, argon, carbon dioxide, and others

6. Earth’s Systems (cont)
Biosphere – includes all organisms on Earth as well as the environment in which they live