1. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
Producers = autotrophs; they produce their own food
Auto= self, troph=feeding
1st energy level
Photosynthesis = making food using light energy
Plants, most common
Energy from the sun
chemosythesis = making food using chemical energy
Bacteria, rare

2. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
Biomass = the amount (mass) of biological material in an ecosystem
Everything that is eaten for energy is or was living
E is measured in units of Calories
Net primary production = the amount of E that can move on to the second trophic level
Net = what is left over
E = Energy

3. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
Consumers = eaters, they consume other organisms for E
Herbivores= eat producers
Carnivores= eat consumers
Omnivores= eat both
Detritivores= eat dead things (clean things up)
Vultures, maggots
Decomposers = break down dead things
Fungi turning a stump to soil

4. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
E flows through the ecosystem:
Average of 10% transfer from one trophic level to the next
Almost always less biomass up the food chain
Calculate by dividing biomass by the previous level biomass
𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑠 = 𝐶 𝐶 = 0.1 = 10%

5. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
Food chain = single E path
Linear
grass> rabbit> coyote
Usually all E starts from Sun
Food web = interactions of all food chains in an ecosystem

6. Ch. 22.1 Energy in Ecosystems pp.415-419
If you take out any one level of the trophic chain it can have affects on all the other levels: …and even the abiotic ecosystem. Wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park