1. American Forces “Over There”
Chapter 21 Part 4

2. Sending Troops
Troops did not immediately leave for Europe once war was declared; they needed training!
First troops often nicknamed “doughboys”.
Marshal Ferdinand Foch (FOSH), the Supreme Allied Commander, wanted Americans to serve in Allied troops alongside Allied troops (to replace the dead)
General Pershing (commander of the American Expeditionary Force) refused.

3. Doughboys in Action
By the time American troops arrived in Europe, Germany had developed a new plan: get Russia out of the war.
To do this, Germany helped Vladimir Lenin return to Russia.
Lenin, now in power, took Russia out of the war.
Now what, Germany?
Reach the English Channel and conquer Paris!

4. Major Battles Germany launches full-force offensive.
American and French forces respond by attacking at Chateau-Thierry.
Soon, Paris not in danger.
250,000 American soldiers arriving monthly.
Pershing decides to make a strong counter-offensive at St. Mihiel (San mee-Yel).
Within 48 hours, the battle was over; America had saved Paris from German conquest!

5. Major Battles
Two weeks after St. Mihiel, Americans launch an offensive into the Argonne Forest.
Allies manage to gain advantage and break through the German line.
The battle was over.
Germans/Central Powers now losing war and know it.
November 11, 1918: Germany signed an armistice (agreement to stop fighting).
Became American holiday Armistice Day.

6. SIDE NOTE: Casualty Rates
Total = 8,000,000 dead.
Total = 20,000,000 wounded
US (1.5 years of involvement)
Dead = 115,000
Wounded = 220,000
Hoped that this had been the “War to End All Wars” and the “War to Make the World Safe for Democracy”.