1. The periodic table… Divided into 3 basic sections Metals
Shiny, ductile, malleable (can be bent easily), and good conductors of electricity
Metalloids
Nonmetals
Found as gas or dull, brittle solids with low melting points
Carbon Family
Nitrogen Family
Oxygen Family
Halogen Family
Noble Gases
Hydrogen

2. Alkali Metals Group 1 (Red) MOST reactive
Found only in compounds and not as single elements
Soft and shiny
Good conductors of electricity

3. Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 (Orange) Not as reactive as Group 1
Fairly hard metal
Gray-white color
Good conductors of electricity

4. Transition Metals Groups 3-12 (Yellow)
Acts as a bridge between the more reactive metals (on left) and less reactive metals (on right)
Good conductors of electricity

5. Metalloids Found along zig-zag line (Green)
Have properties of both metals and non- metals
B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At
Great conductors of electricity

6. Ionic Bonds between metals…
So far we have only talked about ionic bonds between a metal and nonmetal
Another ionic bond can be between two metals as well…this bonds creates alloys
Just like the saying “two heads are better than one”, so are alloys
Alloys are stronger than any single metal by itself
Common alloys:
Brass = Cu + Zn
Bronze = Cu + Sn
Sterling silver = Ag + Cu

7. Halogens Group 17 (Blue) Highly reactive Poor conductors
Fluorine is the most reactive halogen because it has the highest electronegativity

8. Noble Gases
Group 18 (Indigo)
Stable and do not bond
Semi-conductors

9. Lanthanides and Actinides
Periods 6 and 7 (Violet)
Rare earth metals
Lanthanides
Highly conductive
Soft, shiny, malleable
Actinides
Exist in small amounts except for thorium and uranium

10. Conduction vs Insulation
Conduction occurs when electrons move freely through a material.
Metals are good conductors of electricity.
Example: Cu, Al, Ag, Au
Insulation occurs when electrons can not move freely through a material.
Most of the solid, non-metal elements are good insulators.
Example: C, S, P, I

11. When chemical reactions occur…
New material is created that cannot be changed back to its original state. (un-frying an egg…good luck with that!)
Other ways or evidence to know if a chemical change occurs:
Gas is produced
Temperature changes occur
Color changes occur
Odors are produced

12. Can the rate of chemical reactions be affected?
Yep!
Catalysts are substances that speed up or slow down the rate of chemical reactions.
Two types:
Positive catalyst (speed up)
Negative catalyst (slow down)
Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction.
Enzymes affect chemical reactions faster that positive catalysts.

13. Endothermic vs exothermic
Endothermic reactions absorb heat.
These reactions feel cold to the touch.
Exothermic reactions release heat.
These reactions feel hot to the touch.