1. The Revolutionary Period
America at War
The Revolutionary Period

2. Colonial Economics
Mercantilism: Increase a nation's power through wealth (export more than import)
Colonies contribute to mercantilism by
providing raw materials to MC
buying manufactured goods from MC (serve as markets)
buying/selling only to MC
Colonies exist for the benefit of the MC

3. More Economics American colonies were supposed to benefit England by
selling all their raw materials (sugar, tobacco, cotton, timber, and furs) only to England
buying all their manufactured goods (furniture, clothing) from England

4. Navigation acts and Salutary Neglect
England passed the Navigation Acts, which were laws passed to restrict the use of foreign trade in the colonies…
It means the colonies can only trade with England
BUT England didn’t enforce the Navigation Acts – "salutary neglect" - beneficial neglect. Why?
it costs too much to enforce the laws
England is busy with other things
(civil war)

5. Growing Tensions…. Revival of strong religious roots
Colonial Politics = Growing Tensions
Great Awakening
Revival of strong religious roots
Each person could have an individual relationship with God
Challenged the authority of the Anglican Church as well as the power of the King (head of the church)
If people can worship God on their own, can they govern themselves also?

6. Setting the Scene
The rivalry in North America between England and France led to the French and Indian War, in which the French were driven out of Canada and their territories west of the Appalachian Mountains. ( )
As a result of the war, England took several actions that angered the American colonies and led to the American Revolution.

7. Anglo-Franco Rivalry
The “French and Indian War”, the colonial part of the “Seven Years War” that ravaged Europe from 1754 to 1763, was the bloodiest American war in the 1700’s. It took more lives than the American Revolution, involved people on three continents, including the Caribbean.

8. The French And Indian War

9. A Backwoods Land Grab

10. French and English Collide
Starts at the Battle of Ft. Necessity
First “battle” for a young George Washington
Takes place in the backwoods of Southwest Pennsylvania
Sparked the larger European conflict knows as the Seven Years War

11. Albany Plan of Union
English officials suggested a “union between ye Royal, Proprietary and Charter Governments."
Some colonial leaders agreed (June 1754) delegates from most of the northern colonies and representatives from the Six Iroquois Nations met in Albany, New York.
They decided on a "plan of union" drafted by Benjamin Franklin.

12. Under this plan each colonial legislature would elect delegates to an American continental assembly presided over by a royal governor.
Franklin anticipated many of the problems that would beset the government created after independence, such as finance, dealing with the Indian tribes, control of trade, and defense.
British officials realized that, if adopted, the plan could create a very powerful government that His Majesty's Government might not be able to control.
The plan was rejected by the Crown and by the legislatures in several of the colonies.

13. British Military Advances in the Colonies of America
British Expeditions into the Ohio Country result in French retreating
Braddock’s Expedition 1755
Forbes’ Expedition 1758
Fort Duquesne is destroyed by the retreating French forces in 1758
Fort Pitt built in it’s place by the British forces
Modern Pittsburgh built around this fort

14. French and Indian War Ends
Treaty of Paris of 1763
Vast concessions by France
All of New France (Canada) to England
Louisiana to Spain
Effects
Britain
Naval supremacy
Control of North America
Colonies
New relationship with the British

15. Anglo-French Rivalry
Treaty of Paris 1763

16. Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, a region that was costly for the British to protect.