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Sequential Qualitative Analysis
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If a solution contains more than 1 ion, these ions can be removed 1 at a time if the right solutions are added in the right sequence. Suppose a solution was thought to contain both Ag1+(aq) and Pb2+(aq). If a solution containing Cl1-(aq) was added it would precipitate out both ions at the same time. How could one of these ions be removed without removing the other? Look for an anion which precipitates out only one of them.
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page 324 An excess of acetate ion, C2H3O21-(aq), removes only Ag1+(aq) so any soluble salt containing this ion, NaC2H3O2(aq),for instance, can be used to get rid of all the silver.
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solution thought to contain Ag1+(aq) and Pb2+(aq)
add NaC2H3O2(aq) precipitate of AgC2H3O2(s) no precipitate of Ag1+(aq) filter precipitate of PbCl2(s) add NaCl no precipitate of Pb2+(aq) filter
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