1. Digestive Disorders
Stomach Disorders

2. Stomach Cancer
May develop in any part of the stomach and spread to other organs
Causes nearly 1 million deaths world-wide
It is associated with diets high in sodium and low in fruits and vegetables
Also associate more often with smokers

3. Over 80% of gastric cancers are linked to the bacteria Helicobacter pylori
This bacteria is also associated with other digestive disorders

4. H. Pylori ©http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._pylori

5. Symptoms Discomfort in the stomach area
Feeling full or bloated after a small meal
Nausea and vomiting
Weight loss

6. ©

7. Diagnosis
Upper GI: patient drinks a barium solution that appears white on x-rays
Allows the stomach to be seen much easier
Endoscopy: a lighted tube is sent down the digestive tract so the physician can see
Biopsy

8. Stomach Cancer ©http://www. brown

9. Dyspepsia Pain in the upper or middle section of the stomach
Approximately 1 in 4 people develop dyspepsia at some point
Usually caused by a stomach ulcer or acid reflux
Usually treated with lifestyle changes and medication

10. Acute Gastritis
A group of conditions characterized by an inflammation of the stomach lining
The stomach usually secretes a protective layer of mucus, however, it may become weakened

11. Usually caused by a bacteria (H. pylori)
Traumatic injury or overuse of certain pain relievers (Advil, Motrin) may also contribute to the condition

12. Chronic Gastritis
Slower, progressive process in which the lining of the stomach is damaged

13. The stomach epithelium is columnar
When chronic gastritis occurs, the healthy cells are damaged

14. Chronic Gastritis
Healthy cells that line the stomach consist of 3 types:
Parietal cells: secrete stomach acid (HCl), aid in B12 absorption
Chief cells: secrete pepsin (enzyme that aids in food digestion)
Mucus cells: secretes mucus which aids in the protection of the stomach lining

15. ©http://images. google. com/imgres. imgurl=http://cellbio. utmb©

18. ©http://images. google. com/imgres. imgurl=http://cellbio. utmb©

19. ©http://images. google. com/imgres. imgurl=http://cellbio. utmb©

20. Mucus Cells ©http://www.bweems.com/cch7hp.jpg

21. Parietal cells and chief cells degenerate and are replaced by less specialized mucus cells (goblet cells)
Inflammation occurs and there is a large number of white blood cells that appear

22. These damaged cells result in deformed cells causing the stomach lining to look like the lining of the intestine
This is called intestine metaplasia

23. Chronic Gastritis with Intestinal Metaplasia ©http://images. google

24. Intestinal Metaplasia with Presence of Goblet Cells ©http://esynopsis