1. The processes that make new cells!
Mitosis and Meiosis
The processes that make new cells!

2. DNA
DNA – blueprint for life, determines how the living thing will look and behave

3. Chromosomes The chromosomes hold and organize the DNA in living cells
Each human cell has 46 chromosomes in the nucleus

4. What is Mitosis? Nucleus divides
The process that makes more cells in our body

5. Why Mitosis?
Growth
Replace dead cells
Repair damaged cells

6. Facts About Mitosis Mitosis is asexual reproduction
Each new cell is completely identical to the parent cell (clones)

7. Facts About Mitosis (cont.)
Each new cell has a full set of DNA (46 chromosomes in humans)
As a result of mitosis, the parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells
Occurs in all body cells (heart, lung, skin, etc)

8. Cytokinesis
The process where the cell actually splits in two

9. What is Meiosis?
The process that makes egg and sperm cells

10. Gametes Cells with half the usual number of chromosomes
Eggs in females, sperm in males

11. Facts About Meiosis Sexual reproduction
Makes 4 unique daughter cells (gametes)
Each new cell has half the number of chromosomes (23 in humans)
Occurs only in the reproductive organs
Goes through PMAT twice!

12. Crossing Over When making gametes, chromosome pairs “swap parts”
This ensures each egg and sperm cell is unique

13. Fertilization
Occurs AFTER meiosis!
NOT THE SAME AS MEIOSIS!

14. Fertilization
When sperm and egg cells combine to create one new offspring
23 chromosomes (egg) + 23 chromosomes (sperm) = 46 chromosomes (new human)

15. Haploid vs Diploid Cells
Diploid (2n) – Any cell with a full set of DNA
Made by mitosis
Body cells
Haploid (1n) – Any cell with half a set of DNA
Made by meiosis
Egg and sperm cells