1. How to write an effective conclusion
Also known as putting it all together

2. What is a conclusion?
A conclusion is a summary of the experiment. It is putting the hypothesis together with the data and coming up with a conclusion or ending thought.
It is a written answer to the original question.

3. So where to start… Every conclusion begins with a topic sentence.
In a conclusion, the topic sentence is the restatement of the problem/question.

4. Now on to your hypothesis..
Next, restate the hypothesis. What was predicted?

5. So was your hypothesis right, wrong or indifferent?
Accept or reject your hypothesis
Does the data support the hypothesis?
-If it does-we accept the hypothesis
-If it doesn’t-we reject the hypothesis

6. Now provide evidence
Provide actual data in sentence form that backs up your previous statement.

7. Next What type of relationship was there, if any?
How did the independent variable effect the dependent variable?
Were there any trends (changes; increases, decreases in data) or patterns (repeated data that is similar) in the data?
Discuss issues, problems or errors with the investigation.

8. Errors Sources of errors are not ones that you made and then fixed
Your results not supporting your hypothesis is not an error
All experiments will have measurement errors
Our experiments especially will have all 3 types

9. Types of Errors
Statistical: errors due to the random nature of objects
Reduced by having a high number of test subjects
Systemic: errors due to the way the experiment was designed or implemented
Arrive from inability to control all variables
Measurement: errors based of the tools that were used in the experiment
Certain tools are not precise and must be discussed
You must discuss these!!!!

10. Discussion Discuss application or relevance of your experiment
What can we do with your findings?
Identify new questions or problems that can be researched in the future

11. Yeah! We’re almost there….

12. Concluding sentence This sentence should Begin with a transition word
To sum it up
Clearly
In conclusion
Obviously
Rephrase the original question or problem
Remind you why this was important.

13. Important Notes Bring up prior research about your topic
Use the research you conducted for the introduction
Make sure formatting is correct
Proper Citations
APA Reference list
Written in passive voice

14. Our conclusion outline
Topic Sentence
Restate problem or idea that was being investigated
Restate your hypothesis
(It was predicted that…)
Accept or reject your hypothesis
Provide evidence
Actual data from the experiment
What did the data say?
Relationships or trends in the data
Provide actual data evidence
Refer back to your data table or graph

15. Our Conclusion Outline Cont…
Issues or problems with the investigation
Discuss the 3 types (systemic, statistical, and measurement)
Provide evidence
Wrap it up!
Discuss application and future research
Concluding sentence with transition word, rephrased problem, and explain why the experiment was important.

16. Conclusion Rubric
Ms. Ose is giving you the Conclusion Rubric – the Conclusion is due 11/14
Please remember – Organize your papers in the center prongs—that’s why they’re there! Anything that is being turned in should be in there, in a logical order.
For the next round, I won’t take folders that aren’t organized. If you turn it in to me and it’s a mess, I’ll give it back to you the next day and it will be marked LATE.

17. Additional STEM Fair Notes
Eventually, you will be making a board that will be graded.
If you didn’t fix the problems with the graphs/tables/etc., it will affect your grade on the board. That’s why we give you a grade! Please look back at the notes about the folder to correct your errors