1. Colonial Influence
SS.7.C.1.1: Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu's view of separation of power and John Locke's theories related to natural law and how Locke's social contract influenced the Founding Fathers. SS.7.C.1.2: Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" had on colonists' views of government.

2. Divine Right Theory

3. Unitary System of Government

4. THE ENLIGHTENMENT
A PERIOD OF TIME, IN WHICH PEOPLE BEGAN TO QUESTION THEIR IDEAS ABOUT BASIC RIGHTS, GOVERNMENT, PHILOSOPHY, AND THE HUMAN EXPERIENCE…
GREATLY IMPACTED THE IDEAS AND CONCEPTS OF GOVERNMENT FOR OUR COUNTRY…..

5. MAGNA CARTA 1215 KING JOHN – ENGLAND – FORCED TO SIGN BY THE NOBILITY.
A. LIMITED THE KINGS POWER.
B. NO TAXES WITHOUT CONSENT OF PARLIAMENT.
C. GAVE RIGHTS TO ALL FREE MEN – EQUAL TREATMENT UNDER THE LAW.
D. GAVE NOBELS THE RIGHT TO REBEL IF THE KING BROKE THE AGREEMENT.

6. MAGNA CARTA 1215
MAIN IDEA – established the principle of “limited government. IMPACT – the colonist’s used this as an example for their right to rebel and declare their independence from Great Britain.

7. PILGRIMS SAIL FROM ENGLAND SEEKING RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.
MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620
PILGRIMS SAIL FROM ENGLAND SEEKING RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.
LANDED IN PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS.
KNEW THEY NEEDED TO FORM A GOVERNMENT IN THIS NEW “WILDERNESS.”
AGREED TO SIGN A “COMPACT” – ALL WOULD AGREE TO FOLLOW THE LAWS.

8. MAYFLOWER COMPACT- 1620
MAIN IDEA – ESTABLISHED A “DIRECT DEMOCRACY” IN THE NEW WORLD (COLONIES). THE PEOPLE CREATING AND DETERMINING THEIR OWN LAWS WITHOUT CONSIDERATION OF BIRTHRIGHT OR WEALTH.
IMPACT – ESTABLISHED THE PRECEDENT OF PEOPLE CREATING THEIR OWN LAWS – NO NEED FOR A KING.

9. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS – 1688
King Charles removed from power in England.
Parliament (Congress) forced the new Monarchs to agree to certain rights and freedoms for the people.

10. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS - 1688
MAIN IDEA – RIGHTS FOR THE COMMON MAN – APPROVED BY THE KING. (RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL, NEW TAXES MUST BE APPROVED BY PARLIAMENT, NATURAL RIGHTS THAT NO KING COULD TAKE AWAY.
IMPACT – PARLIAMENT GAINED POWER OVER THE KING, THE PEOPLE IN THE COLONIES TAKE THIS CONCEPT.

11. Common Sense
THOMAS PAINE – TOOK LOCKE’S CONCEPTS OF NATURAL RIGHTS TO WRITE A PAMPHLET TITLED, “COMMON SENSE.”
MAIN IDEA – MAN HAS NATURAL RIGHTS AND THE KING HAS VIOLATED THESE RIGHTS. THEREFORE, THE COLONISTS HAVE A RIGHT TO OVERTHROW THE KING – DECLARE THEIR INDEPENDENCE.
IMPACT – 500,000 COPIES SOLD – RALLIED SUPPORT FOR THE CALL FOR INDEPENDENCE AMONG THE COLONISTS.

12. “NATURAL RIGHTS OF MAN”
THE BELIEF THAT HUMAN BEINGS ARE BORN WITH BASIC RIGHTS. THESE RIGHTS INCLUDE THE RIGHT TO LIFE, LIBERTY, PROPERTY, AND THE FREEDOM TO FIND HAPPINESS.
OTHER RIGHTS INCLUDED THE RIGHT TO SPEAK FREELY, MOVE FREELY, AND TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENT.

13. “NATURAL RIGHTS”
JOHN LOCKE – BELIEVED IN “NATURAL RIGHTS.” (Life, Liberty, Property)
MAIN IDEA - EACH MAN POSSESSES NATURAL RIGHTS THAT NO GOVERNMENT (KING) CAN TAKE AWAY.
IMPACT – THE CONCEPT OF NATURAL RIGHTS WAS INCLUDED DIRECTLY IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND MANY OTHER DOCUMENTS TO PROTECT THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS.

14. Separation of Powers

15. “SEPARATION OF POWERS” BARON DE MONTESQUIEU
MAIN IDEA– THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE BROKEN UP INTO DIFFERENT BRANCHES SO NO ONE BRANCH WOULD BE MORE POWERFUL THAN THE OTHER.
IMPACT – SYSTEM OF CHECKS
AND BALANCES.

17. SOCIAL CONTRACT
MAIN IDEA: CITIZENS AGREE TO GIVE UP SOME OF THEIR NATURAL FREEDOMS TO GOVERNMENT IN EXCHANGE FOR THE GOVERNMENT PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF THE CITIZENS. THE CITIZENS AGREE TO OBEY A SET OF RULES….THE GOVERNMENT DOES NOT TAKE AWAY LIBERTIES.

18. SOCIAL CONTRACT
IMPACT - INFLUENCED THE FOUNDING FATHERS. THEY WANTED GOVERNMENT TO PROTECT THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.

20. Natural Law John Locke

21. Separation of Powers Baron Montesquieu

24. Magna Carta 1215

25. Magna Carta 1215

30. Mayflower Compact

33. Common Sense