1. The
Northern
Renaissance

2. Renaissance Art in Northern Europe
Should not be considered an appendage to Italian art.
But, Italian influence was strong.
Painting in OIL, developed in Flanders, was widely adopted in Italy.
The differences between the two cultures:
Italy  change was inspired by humanism with its emphasis on the revival of the values of classical antiquity.
No. Europe  change was driven by religious reform, the return to Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church.
More princes & kings were patrons of artists.

3. Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art
Tendency toward realism & naturalism [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”].
Interest in landscapes.
More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life.
Details of domestic interiors.
Great skill in portraiture.

4. Flemish Realism People from Flanders are Flemish
Flanders = parts of present day Belgium, France and the Netherlands

5. Jan van Eyck (1395 – 1441) More courtly and aristocratic work.
Court painter to the Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good.
The Virgin and Chancellor Rolin, 1435.

6. Van Eyck:  The Crucifixion & The Last Judgment  1420-1425

7. Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife (Wedding Portrait) Jan Van Eyck 1434

9. Rogier van der Weyden (1399-1464)
The Deposition
1435

10. van der Weyden’s Deposition (details)

11. Quentin Massys ( )
The Ugly Dutchess, 

12. Massys’ The Moneylender & His Wife, 1514

15. Germany

16. Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472-1553)
Court painter at Wittenberg from
His best portraits were of Martin Luther (to the left).

17. Lucas Cranach the Elder
Old Man with a Young Woman
Amorous Old Woman with a Young Man

18. Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) A scholar as well as an artist.
Also a scientist
Wrote books on geometry, fortifications, and human proportions.
 Self-Portrait at 26, 1498.

19. Dürer – Self-Portrait in Fur-Collared Robe, 1500

20. Dürer The Last Supper woodcut, 1510

21. Dürer Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse woodcut, 1498

22. The
Low
Countries

23. Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516) A pessimistic view of human nature.
Had a wild and lurid imagination.
Fanciful monsters & apparitions.
Untouched by the values of the Italian perspective.
His figures are flat.
Perspective is ignored.
More a landscape painter than a portraitist.

24. Hieronymus Bosch The Garden of Earthy Delights 1500

25. Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525-1569)
Was deeply concerned with human vice and follies.
A master of landscapes; not a portraitist.
People in his works often have round, blank, heavy faces.
They are expressionless, mindless, and sometimes malicious.
They are types, rather than individuals.
Their purpose is to convey a message.

26. Bruegel’s, Tower of Babel, 1563

27. Bruegel’s, Mad Meg, 1562

28. Bruegel’s, The Beggars, 1568

29. Bruegel’s, Parable of the Blind Leading the Blind, 1568

30. Bruegel’s, The Triumph of Death, 1562

31. Bruegel’s, Hunters in the Snow, 1565

32. Bruegel’s, Winter Scene, 1565

33. Bruegel’s, The Harvesters, 1565

34. Spain

35. El Greco Christ in Agony on the Cross 1600s

36. El Greco Portrait of a Cardinal 1600

37. England

38. Hans Holbein, the Younger (1497-1543)
One of the great German artists who did most of his work in England.
Erasmus Writing, 1523 
Henry VIII was his patron from 1536.
Great portraitist noted for:
Objectivity & detachment.
Doesn’t conceal the weaknesses of his subjects.

39. Artist to the Tudors
Henry VIII (left), 1540 and the future Edward VI (above), 1543.

40. The Elizabethan Age
Queen Elizabeth reigned in England from 1558 to 1603 … more on her later.

41. “All the world’s a stage, we are merely players.”
William Shakespeare
“All the world’s a stage, we are merely players.”

42. Shakespeare's’ Movies
Gnomeo and Juliet (2011)

43. Shakespeare's’ Movies
Romeo Must Die (2000)

44. Shakespeare's’ Movies
Valley Girl(1983)

45. Shakespeare's’ Movies
West Side Story (1961)

46. Shakespeare's’ Movies
The Lion King (1994)

47. Shakespeare's’ Movies
The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998)

48. Shakespeare's’ Movies
She's the Man (2006)

49. Shakespeare's’ Movies
Forbidden Planet (1956)

50. Shakespeare's’ Movies
10 Things I Hate about You (1999)

51. Shakespeare's’ Movies
Kiss Me, Kate (1948)

52. Quotable Shakespeare
A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool.

53. Quotable Shakespeare
 Be not afraid of greatness: some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.   

54. Quotable Shakespeare
Love all,
trust a few,
do wrong to none. 

55. Quotable Shakespeare
All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players: they have their exits and their entrances; and one man in his time plays many parts, his acts being seven ages. 

56. Quotable Shakespeare
Ignorance is the curse of God; knowledge is the wing wherewith we fly to heaven. 

57. Better three hours too soon than a minute too late.
Quotable Shakespeare
Better three hours too soon than a minute too late. 

58. The empty vessel makes the loudest sound.
Quotable Shakespeare
The empty vessel makes the loudest sound. 

59. I say there is no darkness but ignorance.
Quotable Shakespeare
I say there is no darkness but ignorance.