1. New Approaches to Civil Rights in 70s
1970s: Advance social, political, and legal status

2. Equal Access to ED Busing to integrate neighborhoods
> protest/riots in many communities – Boston
1971: Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Ed
> SC ruled children could be bused outside of their neighborhood to achieve desegregation of schools
“white flight” – parochial schools movement
1974: Miliken v. Bradley
> Bussing across district lines unconstitutional

3. Affirmative Action Meant to solve Econ and Ed discrimination
“Equal opportunity employment to prevent discrimination on the basis of “color, religion, sex, or national origin”
(used in hiring and college admissions)
University of California Regents v. Bakke
Ruled that institutions could use race as a criteria but could not create fixed quotas for minorities

4. Civil Rights Leaders Jesse Jackson Aid to MLK
Established RAINBOW PUSH COALITION
(People United to Save Humanity)
-social justice, civil rights, pol activism

5. Civil Rights Leaders Shirley Chisholm
1st Afr-Amer Congresswoman; started:
Congressional Black Caucus
Promoted African-American Agenda to Congress

6. CR for the Disabled - Section 504
“No otherwise qualified individual … shall, solely by reason of his or her disability, be excluded from participation in, be denied benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”

7. How would you rate the US on equality of
Education? (including higher Ed)
opportunity when it comes to employment?
Why is the US still having racial unrest and
discrimination today?
How can the US overcome it?