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LABOR UNIONS/IMMIGRATION

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Presentation on theme: "LABOR UNIONS/IMMIGRATION"— Presentation transcript:

1 LABOR UNIONS/IMMIGRATION

2 What was the Chinese Exclusion Act? Why was it passed?
- banned Chinese immigrants (with a few exceptions – students, teachers, merchants, government officials, tourists) WHY? Bad economy/jobs, nativism Note: as immigration had increased—strong anti-immigrant feelings emerged Nativism—overt favoritism toward native-born Americans Immigrants would accept lower wages

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4 What is a union? Join together to improve hours and pay for skilled and unskilled workers

5 Why did they emerge? Low pay, long hours, danger
12 hours/6 days a week, no vacation, no workers’ comp

6 Who is Samuel Gompers? Founded American Federation of Labor, 1886

7 What labor union did he start? What did it try to do?
American Federation of Labor Represented skilled workers Focus on peaceful collective bargaining between workers and owners – negotiate wages, hours, working conditions

8 This is a political cartoon of the AFL
This is a political cartoon of the AFL. There is a hand labeled the American Federation of Labor. It is stopping people that are labeled like radicalism and communism. The bias is towards the people who support those types of things.

9 Describe the Pullman Strike and the way it ended.
Huge layoff, wages decreased 35-50%, didn’t cut housing costs in company town Refused to meet with delegation Violence – President Cleveland called federal troops - US federal injunction to end the strike (court order to end the strike) press

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12 Where did immigrants come from?
20 million Europeans Before most were Western and Northern European After 1890 – most were Southern and Eastern European

13 Who came through Ellis Island?
Ellis Island – east (NY) - Europeans

14 Who came through Angel Island?
Angel Island – West (San Francisco) Asians

15 What is a melting pot? Mix/blend Abandon native language and customs
press Mix/blend Abandon native language and customs

16 What is nativism? Anti-immigrant feelings
Objected more to religion than ethnicity Demand immigration restrictions Don’t like immigrants - take jobs for lower pay

17 What were the Chinese Exclusion Act and Gentlemen’s Agreement?
Chinese Exclusion Act - anti- Asian Gentlemen’s Agreement - limited Japanese (and other Asians) Limited unskilled workers coming to US

18 Urbanization Problems – growing cities (mostly NE and Midwest)
Housing Transportation Water Sanitation Crime Fire

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