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Mounting Tensions between North & South
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Fugitive Slave Act 1. Helps S capture runaways No real proof needed
2. A.A no right to trial 3. Northerners had to help capture runaways 4. Hurt Southern cause, makes resistance of slavery in North stronger
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The Underground Railroad
Informal but organized system which helped slaves escape in the 1830’s Led by Conductors (Harriet Tubman), used secret signals Deepened Southern mistrust of North
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Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Created public sentiment against slavery in North Considered one cause of the Civil War
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Kansas-Nebraska Act Stephen Douglas needs to make Nebraska a state to build Transcontinental Railroad South will only allow Nebraska in if repeal Missouri Compromise Douglas 1st plan = Nebraska can use popular sovereignty, rejected Douglas 2nd plan = undo Missouri Compromise, Create two states Kansas free & Nebraska slave Outraged Northerners but was passed in May 1854
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“Bleeding Kansas” 1. Border ruffians (armed Missourians) voted illegally and elected proslavery legislative 2. Anti-slavery groups held on convention and created anti-slavery constitution 3. Kansas had two governments 4.Territorial Civil War between pro & anti-slavery groups
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The Caning of Charles Sumner
Senator Charles Sumner (MA) gave speech accusing pro-slavery senators (Andrew P. Butler) of forcing Kansas into being a slave state Preston Brooks (Butler Cousin) beats Sumner on the floor of the senate chamber Brooks a hero to Southerners, strengthens Northerners to resist slavery
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