1. Ancient India
Unit 3

2. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
wide streets in grids
public water system, sewers (plumbing)

3. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

4. Indo-Aryans
An ancient nomadic people that came from north of the Black and Caspian Seas.
Cattle herders.
Caspian Sea
Black Sea

5. Indo-Aryans
They crossed the Hindu Kush mountains into the Indian Subcontinent.

6. Indo-Aryans They take over and “assert their dominance.”
Assert = forcefully maintain
Dominance = power over others
“Aryan” is a controversial term today. Some scholars disagree!

7. Hitler and the “Aryan Race”
Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany committed genocide against non-Aryans during the Holocaust ( )
He believed “Aryans” were the supreme (best) race.

8. Caste System a complex social organization system
it began to take shape after the Indo-Aryan migration
divided into four distinct Varnas (groups)

9. Caste System You were born into your parents’ Varna.
You could only marry and have jobs within your Varna!

10. Mauryan Empire By 500 BCE, India was still divided into many kingdoms
Darius I of Persia conquered northern India for a short time
The Indian kingdoms bonded together and kicked out the Persians!

11. Mauryan Empire (320 BCE-185 BCE)
Chandragupta Maurya - The founder of the Mauryan Empire
The empire lasted 150 years!
United all of Northern India
Unification = being made whole

12. Mauryan Empire Contributions: free hospitals veterinary clinics
good roads

13. Mauryan Empire
Asoka
Chandragupta’s grandson
spread Buddhism

14. This form of writing is called sanskrit
Gupta Empire
This form of writing is called sanskrit
Golden Age of classical Indian culture

15. Gupta Empire Contributions mathematics (concept of Zero, infinity)
medical advances (bone setting)
astronomy (concept of round earth)
new textiles (cloth)
literature