1. Section 4:2
Cell
Energy

2. I. From the Sun
Photosynthesis- when plants, algae and some bacteria use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to produce food.
6CO2 + 6H2O + sun = C6H12O6 + 6O2
carbon dioxide + water + sun = glucose oxygen
Takes place in chloroplast. Plants capture energy from the sun in the chloroplast. Change the carbon dioxide and water into food

3. C. Food is form of glucose. Glucose is a carbohydrate and can be stored
D. Photosynthesis also produces oxygen

4. II. Getting Energy from Food
Animal cells have different ways of getting energy from food
Cellular respiration- uses oxygen to break down food
Fermentation- gets energy without using oxygen

5. B. Cellular respiration
respiration means breathing
Breathing supplies oxygen for cellular respiration
Breathing also removes carbon dioxide
Most complex organisms obtain energy through cellular respiration

6. glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + ATP
C. During cellular respiration, food is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy is released.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + ATP
Energy is used to maintain body temperature
Some energy is used to form ATP; fuels cell activities

7. Process of cellular respiration takes place in the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells
In eukaryotic cells, C.R. takes place in the mitochondria

8. Light Energy ATP Cellular Respiration Mitochondrion Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Light energy, carbon dioxide,
and water are used to make
glucose in chloroplasts. Oxygen
is released.
Light
Energy
ATP
Cellular Respiration
Oxygen and the energy in
glucose are used to make ATP.
ATP is a molecule that stores
energy in a form that cells can
use. ATP is produced by
mitochondria. Carbon dioxide
and water are also released.
Cellular respiration occurs in
both plant and animal cells.
CO2
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast

9. D. Connection between Photosynthesis and respiration
Photosynthesis transform the sun’s energy into glucose
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide to make glucose and release oxygen
Respiration uses oxygen to break down glucose and release energy and carbon dioxide
Each process makes materials that the other needs.

10. E. Fermentation
When muscles can’t get enough oxygen from cellular respiration, they use fermentation.
Types of fermentation
Lactic Acid- fermentation in muscles creates a build up of lactic acid in muscles. Cause burning sensation
This also happens in muscles of other animals, fungi and bacteria
Fermentation also occurs in bacteria and yeast