1. Chapter IX: The building of a paradise
The 30’s were in the spirit of industrialization and modernization.
The first revolution was about putting the Communist in charge
The second revolution was about building the Communist utopia in the USSR.
Who were the new enemies of the state?
The NKVD is very busy. With what?

2. The peasantry as primitive and uneducated
Easy pray to kulaks and religious superstition
Stage One: Emergency measures
Stage Two: The Urals-Siberian method-denouncing kulaks and confiscating grain from them.
Stage Three (i): Forced collectivization
In 1929 Stalin wants all farms to become collective farms by 1930.
Too dangerous to resist the changes, you could be accused of being a kulak.

3. Stage Four: The party retreats
dekulakization
Peasant opposition
Stage Four: The party retreats
Read on p. 167 about a critical article on forced collectivization.
Stage Five: It’s back to collectivization
Stage Six: Famine of Read P.168, S 8 and 9 on collectivization.
You don’t talk about it in public-5 years in jail just for referring to it.
4-5 million died of famine

4. Stage Seven: Consolidation
IN 1935 some concessions were made which allowed peasants to own a bit of life stock such as one cow, four sheep, one sow etc.

5. Building an industrial society
Read p.174, S 22 on Stalin’s vision
Imitating the USA
Propaganda posters see p. 176
A socialist competition : Stakhanovites and shock workers
But the wages remain very low

6. Fear:
Managers and technicians responsible for their work. What if you failed to meet the target?
Sabotage and wrecking
The Shakhty Trial of 1928.

7. What problem would the arrest of technicians and managers have on the production?
The success of the 5 year plan.
Read S.33,p.189

8. Conclusion The 1930’s were the years of gigantic social experiments
The costs for the industrialization ran into millions
Quantity vs. quality
Is working hard possible without the individual profit motive?
Is working for the the good of the wider community good enough.