1. Enzymes

2. What Are Enzymes? Enzymes are Proteins
Act as Catalyst to speed up chemical reactions

3. Enzymes Are specific for what they catalyze Are Reusable End in –ase
-Sucrase
-Lactase
-Maltase

4. How do enzymes Work?
Enzymes weaken chemical bonds which lowers activation energy (the energy needed to start a reaction)

5. Enzymes Without Enzyme With Enzyme Free Energy
Progress of the reaction
Reactants
Products
Free energy of activation

7. Enzyme-Substrate Complex
The substance an enzyme acts on is the substrate
Enzyme
Joins
Substrate

8. Active Site
A restricted region on an enzyme molecule that binds to the substrate.
Active Site
Enzyme
Substrate

9. What Affects Enzyme Activity?
Two factors:
1.Environmental Conditions
2.Enzyme Inhibitors

10. 1. Environmental Conditions
1. Extreme Temperatures are the most dangerous
- high temps denature (unfold) the enzyme. (globular  chain)
2. pH (most like 6-8 pH near neutral)

11. 2. Two examples of Enzyme Inhibitors
a. Competitive inhibitors: attaches to the active site and blocks substrate
Enzyme
Substrate
Competitive inhibitor

12. Inhibitors b. Noncompetitive inhibitors:
binds to another part of the enzyme changes the active site.
Enzyme
Noncompetitive
Inhibitor
Substrate
active site
altered